ReviewLupus2021
10 Years of belimumab experience: What have we learnt?
Review in Lupus, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 79 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
79 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 117 citations in OpenAlex.
- Disruption of memory B-cell trafficking by belimumab in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2024Pooled it
- Safety and efficacy of biologics in childhood systemic lupus erythematosus: a critical systematic review.Clinical rheumatology · 2024Pooled it
- Trial
- Trial
- Longitudinal modeling of efficacy response in patients with lupus nephritis receiving belimumab.Journal of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics · 2024Trial
- Belimumab prevention against organ damage over 8 years and safety up to 13 years: three pooled open-label, long-term extension SLE studies.Lupus science & medicine · 2026Article
- Subcutaneous Belimumab Demonstrates Consistent Steady-State Pharmacokinetics and is Well Tolerated in Paediatric Patients with SLE in China: An Open-Label Study.Rheumatology and therapy · 2026Article
- The Pharmacology of the SLC15A4-TASL Complex, an Emerging Target for the Treatment of Lupus.Pharmacology research & perspectives · 2026Review
- Efficacy of belimumab in children with systemic lupus erythematosus.BMC pediatrics · 2026Observational
- Safety and Effectiveness of Intravenous Belimumab in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in South Korea: A Multicentre, Observational, Real-World Study.Drugs - real world outcomes · 2026Article
- Belimumab in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: From B-Cell Biology to Disease Modification.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Immunological mechanisms and therapeutic approaches in pulmonary fibrosis.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2026Review
- Article
- Plasmacytoid dendritic cells in systemic and cutaneous lupus erythematosus: an evolving understanding.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Efficacy of low dose of rituximab to treat systemic lupus erythematosus.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Restoring B cell intrinsic tolerance to lupus autoimmunity: a rational strategy for lupus treatment.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Cytokines and drugs targeting cytokines in Graves' disease and thyroid eye disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Research progress on chimeric antigen receptor-based immunotherapy against autoimmune diseases.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Review
- B-cell activating factor plays a critical role in CAR-T cell-associated cytokine release syndrome.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Enigmatic Roles of Complement Anaphylatoxin Signaling in Health and Disease.Immune network · 2025Review
19 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease affecting both adults and children. Belimumab is the only biologic approved for SLE, and the first in a class of drugs known as B-lymphocyte stimulator-specific inhibitors. The introduction of intravenous belimumab in 2011 was a major advance, being the first new therapy approved for SLE in over 50 years. As of April 2021, more than 7200 people with SLE have received belimumab in clinical studies, and it is approved in over 75 countries for the treatment of adults with SLE. A subcutaneous, self-injectable belimumab formulation was licensed in 2017 by both the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and European Medicines Agency (EMA). Belimumab was then approved for use in children in Europe, the USA and Japan in 2019, and China and Brazil in 2020. Recently, belimumab became the first FDA-approved drug for the treatment of adults with active lupus nephritis (LN), the most-common severe manifestation of SLE.Over the past 10 years, belimumab has established its position as a disease modifier in the SLE treatment paradigms. Robust evidence from randomised clinical studies and observational, real-world studies has demonstrated the tolerability and efficacy of belimumab for reducing disease activity and the risk of new, severe SLE flares. This enables patients to taper their glucocorticoid use, which limits damage accumulation. Significantly more patients with active LN met the criteria for renal responses and were at less risk of a renal-related event or death after receiving belimumab plus standard therapy, compared with standard therapy on top of mandatory steroid reduction. Ongoing clinical studies are evaluating belimumab's effectiveness in various indications beyond SLE. Post-marketing and registry studies are gathering additional data on key areas such as pregnancy outcomes after belimumab exposure and belimumab co-administration with other biologics.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.