ArticleHeliyon2021
Ivermectin-functionalized multiwall carbon nanotube enhanced the locomotor activity and neuropathic pain by modulating M1/M2 macrophage and decrease oxidative stress in rat model of spinal cord injury.
Article in Heliyon, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It has been retracted, and should not be counted. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- The involvement and significance of M2 macrophages in neuropathic pain following spinal cord injury: a systematic review.The journal of physiological sciences : JPS · 2024Pooled it
- Antioxidant nanozymes: current status and future perspectives in spinal cord injury treatments.Theranostics · 2025Review
- Advancements in Antioxidant-Based Therapeutics for Spinal Cord Injury: A Critical Review of Strategies and Combination Approaches.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Formulation and Ex Vivo Evaluation of Ivermectin Within Different Nano-Drug Delivery Vehicles for Transdermal Drug Delivery.Pharmaceutics · 2024Article
- GDPD3 Deficiency Alleviates Neuropathic Pain and Reprograms Macrophagic Polarization Through PGE2 and PPARγ Pathway.Neurochemical research · 2024Article
- Oxidative stress and COVID-19-associated neuronal dysfunction: mechanisms and therapeutic implications.Acta biochimica et biophysica Sinica · 2023Review
- Ivermectin: A Controversial Focal Point during the COVID-19 Pandemic.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
- Retraction · 2025-02-07Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation · Investigation by Journal/Publisher · Objections by Author(s) · Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions ·
- Retracted
Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Since the inflammation and oxidative stress is the main pathophysiological pathway of neural damage in spinal cord injury (SCI), we tried to evaluate the role of ivermectin (IVM) combined with multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) in the treatment settings of SCI and its underlying mechanism. Wistar rats with T9 vertebra laminectomy in five groups of: sham-operated, vehicle, IVM (0.1 mg/kg), IVM-MWCNT (0.1 mg/kg), and minocycline (90 mg/kg) were used. We evaluated the locomotor scaling and other behavioral tests for neuropathic pain. Also, tissue samples were obtained to evaluate the expression of M1 and M2 macrophage marker, concentration of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-1, and oxidative stress level to assess neuroinflammatory changes. Both IVM and IVM-MWCNT after induction of SCI significantly enhanced the experimental tasks' outcomes, including locomotion and neuropathic tests. Also, decreasing in pro-inflammatory cytokines including TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-1 in the spinal cord and dorsal root ganglion tissues was also notable in both IVM and IVM-MWCNT-treated groups 28 days after induction of SCI in compared to the vehicle-treated SCI group. Both IVM and IVM-MWCNT significantly decreased oxidative stress, induced by SCI, based on the results of ROS and NADPH activity. IVM-MWCNT-treated animals indicated better outcome in every previous experiment in comparison to IVM-treated animals. The effectiveness of IVM-MWCNT was similar to minocycline treatment in all experimental task (as positive control group). IVM-MWCNT might be a novel treatment in spinal cord injury, which could act through decreasing the oxidative stress and increase the polarization of M1 in comparison to M2 macrophages.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.