ArticleSignal transduction and targeted therapy2021
SARS-CoV-2-specific immune response in COVID-19 convalescent individuals.
Article in Signal transduction and targeted therapy, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 37 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 63 citations in OpenAlex.
- COVID-19 pandemic: the delta variant, T-cell responses, and the efficacy of developing vaccines.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2022Pooled it
- High association of COVID-19 severity with poor gut health score in Lebanese patients.PloS one · 2021Trial
- Integrated Evaluation ofPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor and Post-Discharge Inflammatory Profiles in Severe COVID-19: A Prospective Observational Study from Romania.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Observational
- IntratumoralInternational journal of biological sciences · 2025Article
- Article
- Cellular Immunity of SARS-CoV-2 in the Borriana COVID-19 Cohort: A Nested Case-Control Study.Epidemiologia (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- tANCHOR-cell-based assay for monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies rapidly adaptive to various receptor-binding domains.iScience · 2024Article
- Review
- Article
- Nasopharynx Battlefield: Cellular Immune Responses Mediated by Midkine in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma and COVID-19.Cancers · 2023Review
- The Secretory IgA Response in Human Milk Against the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Is Highly Durable and Neutralizing for At Least 1 Year of Lactation Postinfection.Breastfeeding medicine : the official journal of the Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine · 2023Article
- The secretory IgA (sIgA) response in human milk against the SARS-CoV-2 Spike is highly durable and neutralizing for at least 1 year of lactation post-infection.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2023Article
- SARS CoV-2 spike protein variants exploit DC-SIGN/DC-SIGNR receptor for evolution and severity: an in-silico insight.Virusdisease · 2023Article
- Article
- Potential therapeutic applications of extracellular vesicles in the immunopathogenesis of COVID-19.Pathology, research and practice · 2023Review
- The third inactivated vaccine booster dramatically enhanced SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses and did not influence the profile of prothrombotic antibody.Journal of medical virology · 2023Article
- Extending the dosing interval of COVID-19 vaccination leads to higher rates of seroconversion in people living with HIV.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Comparable cellular and humoral immunity upon homologous and heterologous COVID-19 vaccination regimens in kidney transplant recipients.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Comparison of C-reactive protein with distinct hyperinflammatory biomarkers in association with COVID-19 severity, mortality and SARS-CoV-2 variants.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
13 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We collected blood from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) convalescent individuals and investigated SARS-CoV-2-specific humoral and cellular immunity in these discharged patients. Follow-up analysis in a cohort of 171 patients at 4-11 months after the onset revealed high levels of IgG antibodies. A total of 78.1% (164/210) of the specimens tested positive for neutralizing antibody (NAb). SARS-CoV-2 antigen peptide pools-stimulated-IL-2 and -IFN-γ response can distinguish COVID-19 convalescent individuals from healthy donors. Interestingly, NAb survival was significantly affected by the antigen peptide pools-stimulated-IL-2 response, -IL-8 response, and -IFN-γ response. The antigen peptide pools-activated CD8+ T cell counts were correlated with NAb. The antigen peptide pools-activated natural killer (NK) cell counts in convalescent individuals were correlated with NAb and disease severity. Our data suggested that the development of NAb is associated with the activation of T cells and NK cells. Our work provides a basis for further analysis of the protective immunity to SARS-CoV-2 and for understanding the pathogenesis of COVID-19. It also has implications for the development of an effective vaccine for SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.