ReviewClinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN2021
Classification of Uremic Toxins and Their Role in Kidney Failure.
Review in Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 155 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
155 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 264 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Animal Models for Studying Protein-Bound Uremic Toxin Removal-A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Comparison of middle molecule removal with expanded hemodialysis versus haemodiafiltration among Chinese hemodialysis patients.Renal failure · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Trial
- Lubiprostone in chronic kidney disease: Insights into mitochondrial function and polyamines from a randomized phase 2 clinical trial.Science advances · 2025Trial
- Trial
- A randomized trial comparing medium cut-off membrane dialyzers with online hemodiafiltration for uremic toxins clearance in hemodialysis patients.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- Comparison of uremic toxin removal between expanded hemodialysis and high volume online hemodiafiltrations in different modes.Acta biochimica Polonica · 2024Trial
- Effect of hemoperfusion plus hemodialysis on uremic toxins and anemia in patients with maintenance hemodialysis.Renal failure · 2026Article
- Review
- Performance-based classification of dialyzers: integrating YKL-40 for advanced middle-molecule clearance - A Chinese expert consensus.Renal failure · 2026Review
- Comparing Ibuprofen and Loop Diuretics for Protein-Bound Uremic Toxins Clearance During Hemodialysis.Kidney international reports · 2026Article
- Adequacy of dialysis in children and adolescents: more than just Kt/V.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Review
- Functional Nanostructured Carbon Honeycomb Monoliths for Hemoadsorption: Preliminary Studies on Biocompatibility, Protein-Bound Uremic Toxins and Inflammatory Cytokines Elimination.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Uremic Toxins and Mortality in Patients With Acute Kidney Injury Prior to and During Continuous Kidney Replacement Therapy.Kidney medicine · 2026Article
- Purine-Metabolism Reprogramming Associated with Failed-Repair Proximal Tubule States in the AKI-to-CKD Transition.Metabolites · 2026Article
- Targeting Uremic Toxins in Chronic Kidney Disease: Current Challenges and Emerging Therapeutic Strategies.Toxins · 2026Review
- Review
- The Kidney-Brain Axis in Chronic Kidney Disease: Uremic Toxins, Cognitive Decline, Mechanistic Pathways, Biomarkers and Therapeutic Perspectives.Biomedicines · 2026Review
95 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
16 authors at 16 institutions in 13 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Advances in our understanding of uremic retention solutes, and improvements in hemodialysis membranes and other techniques designed to remove uremic retention solutes, offer opportunities to readdress the definition and classification of uremic toxins. A consensus conference was held to develop recommendations for an updated definition and classification scheme on the basis of a holistic approach that incorporates physicochemical characteristics and dialytic removal patterns of uremic retention solutes and their linkage to clinical symptoms and outcomes. The major focus is on the removal of uremic retention solutes by hemodialysis. The identification of representative biomarkers for different classes of uremic retention solutes and their correlation to clinical symptoms and outcomes may facilitate personalized and targeted dialysis prescriptions to improve quality of life, morbidity, and mortality. Recommendations for areas of future research were also formulated, aimed at improving understanding of uremic solutes and improving outcomes in patients with CKD.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.