ReviewJournal of mother and child2021
Is growth restriction in twin pregnancies a double challenge? - A narrative review.
Review in Journal of mother and child, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pravastatin and L-Arginine Use in Early-Onset Severely Growth-Restricted Dichorionic Twins: A Case Report.The American journal of case reports · 2025Article
- Uterine Artery Doppler in Complicated Twin Pregnancies.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Placental abruption and perinatal mortality in twins: novel insight into management at preterm versus term gestations.European journal of epidemiology · 2024Article
- Screening, investigation and follow-up of neonates with small for gestational age in a metropolitan hospital in Australia-observational retrospective study.Translational pediatrics · 2024Article
- sFlt-1 Levels as a Predicting Tool in Placental Dysfunction Complications in Multiple Pregnancies.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- Comparative effectiveness of explainable machine learning approaches for extrauterine growth restriction classification in preterm infants using longitudinal data.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundFoetal growth restriction (FGR) complicates about 25-47% of twin pregnancies. One or both foetuses can be restricted. Pregnancies with discordant growth of foetuses are associated with a sevenfold increased risk of neonatal morbidity. MATERIALS AND
methodsThis is a narrative or traditional literature review. A literature search was performed to present a comprehensive, critical and objective analysis of the current knowledge on growth restriction in twin pregnancies.
resultsThe definitions of FGR in twin pregnancies and selective FGR (sFGR) differ between international societies. In 2019, the Delphi procedure aimed to unify the definitions of sFGR in twin pregnancies. Several growth charts for twins have been published. However, most societies recommend singleton growth charts as better in detecting hypoxic complications of FGR in twin pregnancies. Discordant growth in twins results from placental insufficiency, congenital anomalies, chromosomal aberrations and TORCH infections.
conclusionsDefinitions and management of sFGR depend on chorionicity. The management aims to protect the properly growing foetus from ischemic complications or in utero death. In most cases, expectant management, strict surveillance and preterm labour are the methods of choice. Due to the co-existence of properly growing and small foetuses in one uterus, determining the appropriate time for delivery is challenging. In the case of preterm labour, even late preterm, antenatal corticosteroid therapy (ACT) in FGR twin pregnancies is beneficial because it decreases neonatal morbidity.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.