ArticleJournal of gambling studies2022
Measuring Gambling Outcome Expectancies in Adolescents: Testing the Psychometric Properties of a Modified Version of the Gambling Expectancy Questionnaire.
Article in Journal of gambling studies, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Gamble game: a pilot mixed-methods study on board games for adolescent gambling prevention in the school setting.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- A Cross-Sectional Survey to Measure Attitude, Self-Reported Practice, Levels, Typology, and Determinants of Lifetime Gambling Behaviors Among Undergraduate Students in Higher Training Institutions, Tanzania.Journal of gambling studies · 2025Article
- The Usefulness of a Revised Version of theChildren (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- A Structural Equation Model to Explain Gambling Problem Severity in Adolescents with an Integrated Perspective.Journal of gambling studies · 2024Article
- Parental gambling frequency and adolescent gambling: A cross-sectional path model involving adolescents and parents.PloS one · 2023Article
- Commentary on Horn et al.: The outcome expectancy in the 'alcohol-gambling cocktail'.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2022Article
- Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The Gambling Expectancy Questionnaire (GEQ; Gillespie et al. 2007a) is a 23-item scale assessing three positive outcome expectancies (Enjoyment/Arousal, Money, Self-Enhancement) and two negative outcome expectancies (Over-Involvement, Emotional Impact) related to gambling. It is the most used instrument to assess gambling outcome expectancies in adolescents and it has good psychometric properties. To allow a greater and more useful application of the scale, the present study aimed to modify the GEQ to make it usable with all adolescents, regardless of their gambling behaviour and to verify its psychometric properties. To that aim, the items were modified and the response scale was reduced from a seven-point to a five-point Likert scale. To verify the adequacy of the modified scale, two studies were conducted among Italian adolescents. In the first study (n = 501, 75% males, Mage = 16.74, SD = .88), after having removed four items and relocating another through explorative factor analysis, the original five-factor structure of the scale was confirmed by applying a confirmatory factor analysis. Reliability and validity evidence were also provided. The second study (n = 1894, 61% males, Mage = 15.68, SD = .71) attested its invariance across gambling behaviour status and gender. The modified version of the GEQ (GEQ - MOD) can be profitably used for research and preventive purposes with youth.
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