Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34231475›Full record

Trial reportThe Turkish journal of gastroenterology : the official journal of Turkish Society of Gastroenterology2021

The Effect of Virtual Reality on Pain and Anxiety During Colonoscopy: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Selda Karaveli Çakır, Sami Evirgen

2 registry-linked trialsAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in The Turkish journal of gastroenterology : the official journal of Turkish Society of Gastroenterology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 26 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
26citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT05378165 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2022, after this paper: background citation

Three Distraction Methods for Pain Reduction During Colonoscopy: A Randomized Controlled Trial Evaluating the Effects on Pain and Anxiety

TypeinterventionalSponsorKastamonu UniversityRan2022 to 2022Enrolled30ConditionsColonoscopy, Colon DiseaseArmsMusic group, Stress ball group, Video group, Control group
NCT06766162 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

Virtual Reality and Endoscopic Mucosal and Submucosal Dissection: a Patient Centred Experience "VREMRESD"

TypeinterventionalSponsorKing's College Hospital NHS TrustRan2025 to 2026Enrolled40ConditionsVR, Virtual Reality Pain Distraction, Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection, Endoscopic Mucosal ResectionArmsVirtual reality pain distraction, Standard analgesia and sedation
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

26 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  8. Association Between Sleep Quality and Postcolonoscopy Pain.The Turkish journal of gastroenterology : the official journal of Turkish Society of Gastroenterology · 2026
    Observational
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Selda Karaveli ÇakırDepartment of Nursing, Kastamonu University, School of Health Sciences, Kastamonu, Turkey.
Sami EvirgenDivision of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kastamonu University School of Medicine, Kastamonu, Turkey.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of virtual reality application during a colonoscopy on the pain and anxiety experienced by patients.

methodsThe study was conducted as experimental, randomized, controlled research. The study was carried out between October 15, 2017 and May 20, 2018 in the Endoscopy Unit of a Public Hospital in northern Turkey. The study sample consisted of 60 patients who underwent colonoscopy. The patients were divided into 2 groups by using simple randomization. The patients in the experimental group watched virtual reality applications during colonoscopy, whereas the patients in the control group underwent standard colonoscopy protocol. Colonoscopy was performed on patients in both groups by the same gastroenterologist without the use of anesthesia. The demographic data of both groups, pain levels during and after the procedure, before and after the procedure anxiety levels were evaluated.

resultsThe mean age of the patients in the experimental group was 56.33 ± 11.81, the mean age of the patients in the control group was 56.20 ± 15.62. There was no statistically significant difference between the pre- and post-operative state anxiety score averages of the patients in the experimental and control groups. There was a statistically significant difference between the trait anxiety scores (P < .000) and pain scores (P < .03) during the procedure between both groups.

conclusionThe virtual reality application was found to reduce patients' pain during the colonoscopy procedure. The virtual reality application, an easily available, inexpensive, and non-invasive method, can be used by nurses in pain management during colonoscopy.

Indexed as

AnxietyPainVirtual RealityColonoscopyHumansPain Management

Identifiers

PMID34231475
PMCPMC8975482

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.