Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34231188›Full record

ArticleOphthalmology and therapy2021

Combination of Inverted ILM Flap Technique and Subretinal Fluid Application Technique for Treatment of Chronic, Persistent and Large Macular Holes.

Lyubomyr M Lytvynchuk, Andrii Ruban, Carsten Meyer, Knut Stieger, Andrzej Grzybowski, Gisbert Richard

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In one paragraph

Article in Ophthalmology and therapy, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Optimal approaches for managing recurrent macular holes: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2025
    Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Predicting Visual Recovery in Long-Standing Macular Holes: Surgical Strategies and Role of Optical Coherence Tomography Biomarkers.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2025
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Lyubomyr M Lytvynchuk *Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Clinic, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg GmbH, Campus Giessen, Friedrichstrasse 18, 35392, Giessen, Germany. Lyubomyr.Lytvynchuk@augen.med.uni-giessen.de.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6788-5312
Andrii Ruban *Center of Clinical Ophthalmology, Peremogy Ave. 42, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine.
Carsten MeyerAugenärzte Kammanneye, Bahnhofstrasse 3, 7270, Davos, Switzerland.
Knut StiegerDepartment of Ophthalmology, Eye Clinic, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg GmbH, Campus Giessen, Friedrichstrasse 18, 35392, Giessen, Germany.
Andrzej GrzybowskiDepartment of Ophthalmology, University of Warmia and Mazury, Zolnierska 18, 10-561, Olsztyn, Poland.
Gisbert RichardDepartment of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20251, Hamburg, Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionThe choice of surgical treatment for chronic, persistent and large full-thickness macular holes (FTMH) continues to be undefined and challenging, as some of these cases remain refractory to the treatment. We report the efficacy of combination of inverted internal limiting membrane flap technique (IILMFT) and subretinal application of the fluid (SR fluid application) technique for treatment of refractory FTMHs.

methodsNine patients (nine eyes) were enrolled into this retrospective non-randomized exploratory consecutive case series study. All patients were diagnosed with chronic, persistent or large FTMH and were treated with a combination of IILMFT and SR fluid application technique. The following outcome parameters were analysed during 1- and 6-month follow-up visits: anatomical FTMH closure rate on spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), degree of postoperative retinal displacement.

resultsThe mean preoperative diameter of FTMH was 542.0 μm (range 154-1930 μm). Final closure of FTMH was achieved in nine of nine cases (100%). In one case a second operation was required because of postoperative rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. The mean BCVA after the FTMH closure increased from 1.0 logMAR (0.7-1.3) to 0.4 logMAR (0.2-0.8 logMAR) (W = 2.67; p = 0.008). A positive correlation was revealed between preoperative BCVA and axial length (ρ = 0.67, p = 0.048), between preoperative BCVA and duration of the symptoms (ρ = 0.818, p = 0.007), as well as between postoperative BCVA at 1-month follow-up and BCVA at 6-month follow-up (ρ = 0.821, p = 0.007).

conclusionCombination of IILMFT with SR fluid application technique for refractory FTMH surgery appears to be effective and safe. Improvement of anatomical and visual outcomes after the single surgery benefits from and is ensured by the advantages of both novel surgical approaches.

Indexed as

Hydraulic centripetal macular displacement techniqueInverted ILM flapMacular hole closurePars plana vitrectomyPersistent macular holeRetinal adhesionSubretinal fluid application

Identifiers

PMID34231188
PMCPMC8319254

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.