ArticleJournal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine2021
Examining Opioid Overdose Deaths across Communities Defined by Racial Composition: a Multiscale Geographically Weighted Regression Approach.
Article in Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Characterizing discharge opioid prescription in postoperative neurosurgical patients: a systematic review.Neurosurgical review · 2024Pooled it
- Barriers to Population Data Use in Overdose Fatality Reviews: Observational and Interview Study of Dashboard Deployment.JMIR human factors · 2026Observational
- Illicit drug supply, naloxone availability, and overdose mortality in the fentanyl era: a systematic review.Health affairs scholar · 2026Review
- Spatial-Structural Mechanisms of Racialized Disparities in Overdose Mortality: A Spatiotemporal Analysis.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Hidden COVID-19 deaths? Exploring the Spatial context of excess death rates during the COVID-19 pandemic.International journal of health geographics · 2025Article
- Article
- Exploring Space-Time Interactions in Fatal Opioid Overdoses.Geographical analysis · 2025Article
- Spatiotemporal Analysis of Fentanyl-Associated Overdose Deaths in Chicago, IL, USA.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2025Article
- A Computational Approach to Analyzing Spatiotemporal Trends in Gun Violence and Mental Health Disparities among Racialized Communities in US Metropolitan Areas.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2025Article
- Place-based harms and hidden strengths: a qualitative study exploring facets of neighborhood disinvestment driving opioid overdose among black individuals.Harm reduction journal · 2025Article
- Drug Overdose Death among Residents of Urban Census Tracts: How Granular Geographical Analyses Uncover Socioenvironmental Correlates in Cuyahoga County, Ohio.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2025Article
- A place-based spatial analysis of racial inequities in overdose in St. Louis County Missouri, United States.The International journal on drug policy · 2024Article
- Development of a Real-Time Dashboard for Overdose Touchpoints: User-Centered Design Approach.JMIR human factors · 2024Article
- Exploring the Association Between Structural Racism and Mental Health: Geospatial and Machine Learning Analysis.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2024Article
- Applied risk mapping and spatial analysis of address-level decedent data to inform opioid overdose interventions: The Massachusetts HEALing Communities Study.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2023Article
- Neuroimmune Mechanisms of Opioid Use Disorder and Recovery: Translatability to Human Studies, and Future Research Directions.Neuroscience · 2023Review
- Compound impact of COVID-19, economy and climate on the spatial distribution of global agriculture and food security.The Science of the total environment · 2023Article
- Examining Increasing Racial Inequities in Opioid Overdose Deaths: a Spatiotemporal Analysis of Black and White Decedents in St. Louis, Missouri, 2011-2021.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2023Article
- Article
- Opioid overdose decedent characteristics during COVID-19.Annals of medicine · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
To provide data that can guide community-targeted practices, policies, and interventions in urban metropolitan areas, we used geospatial analysis to examine the community-level opioid overdose death determinants and their spatial variation across a study area. We obtained spatial datasets containing multiple, high-quality measures of socioeconomic conditions, public health status, and demographics for analysis and visualization in geographic information systems. We employed a multiscale modeling approach (multiscale geographically weighted regression; MGWR) to provide a comprehensive and robust analysis of opioid overdose death determinants, explain how geospatial patterns vary across scales across Milwaukee County in 2019, and examine the differential influence of factors locally, regionally, and globally. We subsequently examined how associations varied with the racial/ethnic composition of communities by dividing Milwaukee County into White-majority, Black-majority, and Hispanic-majority regions according to census data and conducting separate, independent modeling processes. Overall, the multiscale model explained 83% of opioid overdose death variability across neighborhoods in Milwaukee County using 12 selected variables. Statistical analysis and geovisualization of patterns, trends, and clusters using MGWR unveiled dramatic racialized health disparities in Milwaukee, showing how factors that influenced opioid overdose deaths varied across diverse communities in Milwaukee. The observed geographic variation in relationships included the impact of naloxone availability and incarceration rates on overdose deaths with pronounced differences between White communities and communities of color. Understanding, community-level factors that contribute to overdose risk should guide targeted community-level solutions. Overall, our findings demonstrate the value of precision epidemiology using MGWR analysis for defining and guiding responses to public health challenges.
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