Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34230998›Full record

ArticleOsteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA2021

Lifetime risks of hip fracture in patients with type 2 diabetic: Taiwan Diabetes Study.

C-C Lin, C-I Li, C-S Liu, M-C Wang, C-H Lin, W-Y Lin, S-Y Yang, T-C Li

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Article in Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

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2citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

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4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

C-C LinSchool of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
C-I LiSchool of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
C-S LiuSchool of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
M-C WangSchool of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
C-H LinSchool of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
W-Y LinSchool of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
S-Y YangDepartment of Public Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 100, Sec. 1, Jingmao Rd., Beitun Dist, Taichung City, 406040, Taiwan, Republic of China.
T-C LiDepartment of Public Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 100, Sec. 1, Jingmao Rd., Beitun Dist, Taichung City, 406040, Taiwan, Republic of China. tcli@mail.cmu.edu.tw.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3346-7462

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study is to estimate the lifetime risks of hip fracture in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes.

introductionThe lifetime risks of hip fracture have not been reported across the age spectrum in male adults and female adults with type 2 diabetes.

methodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted on 25275 men and 27953 women with type 2 diabetes aged 30-100 years old and participated in the National Diabetes Case Management Program in 2002-2004 in Taiwan. Sociodemographic factors, biomarkers, and comorbidity at the baseline and hip fracture events were analyzed with Cox proportional hazards regression models with age as the time scale.

resultsSignificant differences in the lifetime risks of hip fracture were observed between men and women with type 2 diabetes. The cumulative lifetime incidences (%) of hip fracture at 50, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, and 85 years old for men were 0.11, 0.40, 0.84, 1.84, 3.82, 8.53, and 16.72, respectively. The corresponding lifetime incidences (%) for women at 50, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, and 85 years old were 0.05, 0.50, 1.36, 3.89, 9.56, 21.19, and 35.45, respectively. With competing risks, the significant multivariate-adjusted hazard ratio of developing hip fracture included smoking, alcohol drinking, duration of diabetes, type of oral hypoglycemic drugs use (no medication, sulfonylurea only, thiazolidinediones (TZD) only or TZD plus others, other single or multiple oral agents, insulin use, insulin plus oral hypoglycemic drug use), loop diuretics use, use of corticosteroids, normal weight or underweight, hyperlipidemia, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

conclusionsThe gender differences in lifetime hip fracture risk were significant. Thiazolidinediones and insulin use are factors with the greater magnitude of strength of association among those significantly associated with hip fracture.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2Hip FracturesThiazolidinedionesAdultAgedAged, 80 and overFemaleHumansHypoglycemic AgentsMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsTaiwanHypoglycemic AgentsThiazolidinedionesHip fractureLifetime risksType 2 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID34230998

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.