ArticleCell reports. Medicine2021
Impact of SARS-CoV-2 variants on the total CD4
Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph
Article in Cell reports. Medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 473 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
473citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
39.5field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
473 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 669 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effectiveness of the first dose COVID-19 booster vs. full vaccination to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe COVID-19 clinical event: a meta-analysis and systematic review of longitudinal studies.Frontiers in public health · 2023Pooled it
- Vaccine-induced T cell responses correlate with reduced risk of severe COVID-19 in a placebo-controlled efficacy trial.EBioMedicine · 2025Trial
- An open-label study on the safety and immunogenicity of a PD-1-enhanced DNA vaccine used as a T cell booster for COVID-19.EBioMedicine · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Beyond the blood: Tissue-resident immunity shapes SARS-CoV-2 vaccine antibody responses.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Reproducible detection of antigen-specific T cells and Tregs via standardized and automated activation-induced marker assay workflows.Cell reports methods · 2026Article
- Spatial instruction of tissue immunity.ImmunoHorizons · 2026Review
- Review
- Cellular Immune Response Induced by mRNA Vaccines Against SARS-CoV-2.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2026Review
- Potent and dose-sparing next-generation SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, mRNA-1283, induces polyfunctional and durable T cell immunity.NPJ vaccines · 2026Article
- Long-term humoral and cellular immune responses following Covaxin vaccination: a 2-year prospective longitudinal study.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Article
- Article
- Cellular Immunological Memory T Cells andDiagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Viral correlates of protection and the multifarious interactions of B and T cells.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Review
- Prospective SARS-CoV-2 additional vaccination in immunosuppressant-treated individuals with autoimmune diseases in a randomized controlled trial.JCI insight · 2025Article
- CD4 and CD8 T-cell response is dominated by IL-10-secreting cells in children with uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria.ImmunoHorizons · 2025Article
- Conserved CD8 T cell vaccines without B cell epitopes drive robust protection against SARS-CoV-2 that is enhanced by intranasal boost.Science advances · 2025Article
- Cell-based immune anticipation of the omicron variant in SARS-CoV-2 triple-vaccinated cancer patients.iScience · 2025Article
- Delayed Cellular Immunity in SARS-CoV-2 Antibody-Non-Responders to COVID-19 Vaccination: Rethinking Post-Vaccine Immune Assessment.Vaccines · 2025Article
413 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Update of
Authors and funding
21 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Alison TarkeCenter for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
John SidneyCenter for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Nils MethotCenter for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Esther Dawen YuCenter for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Yun ZhangJ. Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Jennifer M DanCenter for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Benjamin GoodwinCenter for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Paul RubiroCenter for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Aaron SutherlandCenter for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Eric WangCenter for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
April FrazierCenter for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Sydney I RamirezCenter for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Stephen A RawlingsDepartment of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Davey M SmithDepartment of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Ricardo da Silva AntunesCenter for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Bjoern PetersCenter for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Richard H ScheuermannCenter for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Daniela WeiskopfCenter for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Shane CrottyCenter for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Alba GrifoniCenter for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Alessandro SetteCenter for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
La Jolla Institute for Immunology · USUniversity of California, San Diego · USJ. Craig Venter Institute · USUniversity of Genoa · IT
Funding
VirologyP30AI036214 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI SONIA JAIN · 1994 to 2026
$78.4MT follicular helper (Tfh) CD4+ T cell, germinal center, and antibody response dysfunction in human recurrent tonsillitisU19AI142742 · NIAID · LA JOLLA INSTITUTE FOR IMMUNOLOGY · PI Alessandro Sette · 2019 to 2026
$32.8MBIOINFORMATICS RESOURCE CENTERS FOR INFECTIOUS DISEASES: SARS-CoV-2 ACTIVITIES75N93019C00076 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO · PI STEVENS, RICK · 2019 to 2023
$32.6MIMMUNE EPITOPE AND ANALYSIS PROGRAM: Transplantation of organs, tissues and cells 75N93019C00001 · NIAID · LA JOLLA INSTITUTE FOR IMMUNOLOGY · PI SETTE, ALESSANDRO · 2019 to 2025
$23.1MHOPE Training GrantT32AI007384 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI Sara Gianella Weibel, Scott L Letendre · 1990 to 2026
$9.7MRESEARCH IN INFECTIOUS DISEASEST32AI007036 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI NIZET, VICTOR · 1985 to 2025
$9.2MSARS-CoV-2 correlates of protection in a Latino-origin populationU01CA260541 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF PUERTO RICO MED SCIENCES · PI BRIEN, JAMES D, LOPEZ, MARCOS · 2020 to 2024
$3.4MUC San Diego RAPID Faculty Development Program in Infectious DiseasesR25AI147376 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI ADRIANA H TREMOULET, Joann Trejo · 2020 to 2026
$2.5MCD4 T cell, germinal center, and antibody response defects in recurrent tonsillitisR01AI135193 · NIAID · LA JOLLA INSTITUTE FOR IMMUNOLOGY · PI CROTTY, SHANE P · 2018 to 2022
$2.3MThe Immunology of Recurrent Group A Streptococcus TonsillitisK08AI135078 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI DAN, JENNIFER MARIE · 2018 to 2022
$972kNCI NIH HHS U01 CA260541NIAID NIH HHS 75N93019C00001NIAID NIH HHS 75N93019C00076NIAID NIH HHS K08 AI135078NIAID NIH HHS P30 AI036214NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI135193NIAID NIH HHS R25 AI147376NIAID NIH HHS T32 AI007036NIAID NIH HHS T32 AI007384NIAID NIH HHS U19 AI142742
Abstract
The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants with evidence of antibody escape highlight the importance of addressing whether the total CD4
Indexed as
COVID-19 VaccinesAdultAgedAged, 80 and overCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesCD8-Positive T-LymphocytesCOVID-19FemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedSARS-CoV-2Spike Glycoprotein, CoronavirusYoung AdultCOVID-19 VaccinesSpike Glycoprotein, CoronavirusCD4CD8COVID-19SARS-CoV-2T cellsvaccinesVOCs
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390
Registered trials
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.