ArticleScientific reports2021
Untangling the genetic link between type 1 and type 2 diabetes using functional genomics.
Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review of breastfeeding prevalence, duration and determining factors in women with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association · 2026Pooled it
- Enhanced genetic fine mapping accuracy with Bayesian Linear Regression models in diverse genetic architectures.PLoS genetics · 2025Article
- Diabetes and atrial fibrillation: Causality is still a black-box.International journal of cardiology. Heart & vasculature · 2025Article
- Deep representation learning for clustering longitudinal survival data from electronic health records.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Interaction of B0AT1 Deficiency and Diet on Metabolic Function and Diabetes Incidence in Male Nonobese Diabetic Mice.Endocrinology · 2025Article
- Cross-tissue transcriptome-wide association identify novel T1D susceptibility genes and drug candidates.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Evaluation of Bayesian Linear Regression models for gene set prioritization in complex diseases.PLoS genetics · 2024Article
- Association between Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Parkinson's Disease: A Mendelian Randomization Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Utility of genetic risk scores in type 1 diabetes.Diabetologia · 2023Review
- Review
- A Final Frontier in Environment-Genome Interactions? Integrated, Multi-Omic Approaches to Predictions of Non-Communicable Disease Risk.Frontiers in genetics · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
There is evidence pointing towards shared etiological features between type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) despite both phenotypes being considered genetically distinct. However, the existence of shared genetic features for T1D and T2D remains complex and poorly defined. To better understand the link between T1D and T2D, we employed an integrated functional genomics approach involving extensive chromatin interaction data (Hi-C) and expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) data to characterize the tissue-specific impacts of single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with T1D and T2D. We identified 195 pleiotropic genes that are modulated by tissue-specific spatial eQTLs associated with both T1D and T2D. The pleiotropic genes are enriched in inflammatory and metabolic pathways that include mitogen-activated protein kinase activity, pertussis toxin signaling, and the Parkinson's disease pathway. We identified 8 regulatory elements within the TCF7L2 locus that modulate transcript levels of genes involved in immune regulation as well as genes important in the etiology of T2D. Despite the observed gene and pathway overlaps, there was no significant genetic correlation between variant effects on T1D and T2D risk using European ancestral summary data. Collectively, our findings support the hypothesis that T1D and T2D specific genetic variants act through genetic regulatory mechanisms to alter the regulation of common genes, and genes that co-locate in biological pathways, to mediate pleiotropic effects on disease development. Crucially, a high risk genetic profile for T1D alters biological pathways that increase the risk of developing both T1D and T2D. The same is not true for genetic profiles that increase the risk of developing T2D. The conversion of information on genetic susceptibility to the protein pathways that are altered provides an important resource for repurposing or designing novel therapies for the management of diabetes.
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