Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34230461›Full record

ArticleNature communications2021

Central amygdala micro-circuits mediate fear extinction.

Nigel Whittle, Jonathan Fadok, Kathryn P MacPherson, Robin Nguyen, Paolo Botta, Steffen B E Wolff, Christian Müller, Cyril Herry, Philip Tovote, Andrew Holmes and 3 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
44citing papers in PubMed
6.6field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

44 citing papers in PubMed, 78 citations in OpenAlex.

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  13. Regulation of PVT-CeA Circuit in Deoxynivalenol-Induced Anorexia and Aversive-Like Emotions.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors at 10 institutions in 5 countries.

Nigel WhittleFriedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland.
Jonathan FadokFriedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0002-0608-5151
Kathryn P MacPhersonLaboratory of Behavioral and Genomic Neuroscience, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Robin NguyenLaboratory of Systems Neuroscience, Department of Physiology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Paolo BottaFriedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland.
Steffen B E WolffFriedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland.
Christian MüllerFriedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland.
Cyril HerryFriedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0003-2973-0843
Philip TovoteFriedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0002-4598-722X
Andrew HolmesLaboratory of Behavioral and Genomic Neuroscience, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7308-1129
Nicolas SingewaldDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy and CMBI, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.ORCID 0000-0002-0166-3370
Andreas LüthiFriedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland. andreas.luthi@fmi.ch.ORCID 0000-0002-1859-4252
Stéphane CiocchiLaboratory of Systems Neuroscience, Department of Physiology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland. stephane.ciocchi@pyl.unibe.ch.ORCID 0000-0002-5701-9250
National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism · USUniversität Innsbruck · ATUniversity of Bern · CHColumbia University · USFriedrich Miescher Institute · CHInserm · FRTulane University · USUniversitätsklinikum Würzburg · DEUniversity of Basel · CHUniversity of Maryland, Baltimore · US

Funding

Mouse models of stress disorders and addictionZIAAA000411 · NIAAA · NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON ALCOHOL ABUSE AND ALCOHOLISM · PI HOLMES, ANDREW · 2009 to 2025
$37.7M
Neural circuits regulating flight and panic behavior.R01MH122561 · NIMH · TULANE UNIVERSITY OF LOUISIANA · PI FADOK, JONATHAN P · 2020 to 2024
$2.4M
Austrian Science Fund FWF I 2433Austrian Science Fund FWF P 25375NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH122561
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Fear extinction is an adaptive process whereby defensive responses are attenuated following repeated experience of prior fear-related stimuli without harm. The formation of extinction memories involves interactions between various corticolimbic structures, resulting in reduced central amygdala (CEA) output. Recent studies show, however, the CEA is not merely an output relay of fear responses but contains multiple neuronal subpopulations that interact to calibrate levels of fear responding. Here, by integrating behavioural, in vivo electrophysiological, anatomical and optogenetic approaches in mice we demonstrate that fear extinction produces reversible, stimulus- and context-specific changes in neuronal responses to conditioned stimuli in functionally and genetically defined cell types in the lateral (CEl) and medial (CEm) CEA. Moreover, we show these alterations are absent when extinction is deficient and that selective silencing of protein kinase C delta-expressing (PKCδ) CEl neurons impairs fear extinction. Our findings identify CEA inhibitory microcircuits that act as critical elements within the brain networks mediating fear extinction.

Indexed as

AnimalsBehavior, AnimalCentral Amygdaloid NucleusConditioning, ClassicalExtinction, PsychologicalFearMaleMemoryMiceMice, Inbred C57BLNeurons

Identifiers

PMID34230461
PMCPMC8260764
OpenAlexW3177815500

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.