ArticleHospital pediatrics2021
Patient Risk Factors for Violent Restraint Use in a Children's Hospital Medical Unit.
Article in Hospital pediatrics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between patient primary language, physical restraints, and intramuscular sedation in the emergency department.Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine · 2025Article
- Use of Electronic Health Record-Based Measures to Assess Quality of Care for Pediatric Agitation.Hospital pediatrics · 2024Article
- Reducing Physical Restraint Use in the Medical Behavioral Unit.Pediatrics · 2024Article
- Characteristics of pediatric behavioral health emergencies in the prehospital setting.Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine · 2024Article
- Disparities in Pharmacologic Restraint for Children Hospitalized in Mental Health Crisis.Pediatrics · 2024Article
- Factors influencing agitation, de-escalation, and physical restraint at a children's hospital.Journal of hospital medicine · 2023Article
- Pharmacologic restraint use for children experiencing mental health crises in pediatric hospitals.Journal of hospital medicine · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectivesTo inform efforts to reduce violent restraint use, we examined risk factors for restraint use among hospitalized children with known behavior concerns.
methodsWe conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study of restraint events in all hospitalizations from 2017 to 2019 on a 10-bed medical-surgical unit with dedicated mental health clinician support. We examined characteristics of restraint events, used adjusted logistic regression models to identify independent risk factors for restraint use, and used an adjusted Poisson regression model to determine the adjusted rate of restraint events per hospital day.
resultsThe sample included 1507 hospitalizations representing 1235 patients. Among included hospitalizations, 48% were for a psychiatric indication awaiting transfer to an inpatient psychiatric unit, and 52% were for a primary medical or surgical problem. Sixteen percent had a restraint event. Patient demographic characteristics were not associated with risk of a restraint event. Having a psychiatric indication for hospitalization was an independent risk factor for restraint use (odds ratio: 2.85; 95% confidence interval: 2.06-3.94). Rate of restraint use per day decreased as length of stay increased; hospitalizations lasting 9 days or longer had a 58% lower rate of restraint use per day than 1- to 2-day hospitalizations (
conclusionsInterventions to reduce restraint use may benefit from incorporating information about a patient's psychiatric risk factors, including type and number of diagnoses and reason for hospitalization. Future efforts could investigate whether providing enhanced behavior supports during the first several days of a patient's hospitalization reduces violent restraint use.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.