ArticleThe Journal of the Egyptian Public Health Association2021
Epidemiological, life style, and occupational factors associated with lower limb varicose veins: a case control study.
Article in The Journal of the Egyptian Public Health Association, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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9 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Effect of Active Stretching Training in Patients with Chronic Venous Insufficiency Monitored by Raster-Stereography.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Trial
- A survey of self-reported varicose veins with prior clinical diagnosis among adults residing in the United Arab Emirates: a cross-sectional study examining associated factors.Frontiers in epidemiology · 2026Article
- Occupational Heat Exposure and Chronic Venous Disease: Barriers, Adaptations, and Implications for Sustainable Workplaces.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Clinical and demographic characteristics of patients undergoing endovenous laser ablation for saphenous vein insufficiency.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2025Article
- Therapeutic applications of natural products in the management of venous diseases: a comprehensive review.Inflammopharmacology · 2025Review
- Replication study identified EFEMP1 association with varicose vein predisposition among Indians.European journal of medical research · 2024Article
- Improving Genetic Association Studies with a Novel Methodology that Unveils the Hidden Complexity of All-Cause Heart Failure.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2023Article
- The implications of varicose vein surgery on sleep evaluation scales.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Article
- Factors associated with chronic venous disease: study in 1,136 patients treated for varicose veins of the lower limbs in a specialized clinic.Jornal vascular brasileiro · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundFew data were documented about risk factors for lower limb varicose veins (LLVV) among Egyptian population. Identifying modifiable risk factors is crucial to plan for prevention. The current research aims to study the epidemiological, life style, and occupational factors associated with LLVV in a sample of Egyptian population.
methodsA case control study was adopted. Cases with LLVV (n = 150) were compared with controls (n = 150). Data was collected using an interview questionnaire and clinical assessment. Data was analyzed using the univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses.
resultsAccording to multivariate analysis among all participants (n = 300), the odds of LLVV was 59.8 times greater for those who frequently lift heavy objects (95% CI = 6.01, 584.36) and 6.95 times higher for those who drink < 5 cups of water/day (95% CI = 2.78, 17.33). Moreover, it was 4.27 times greater for those who infrequently/never consume fiber-rich foods (95% CI = 1.95, 9.37) and 3.65 times greater for those who stand > 4 h/day (95% CI = 1.63, 8.17). Additionally, odds of LLVV was 3.34 times greater for those who report irregular defecation habit (95% CI = 1.68, 6.60), and 2.86 times higher for those who sleep < 8 h/day (95% CI = 1.14, 7.16), and 2.53 times higher for smokers compared with ex-smokers/non-smokers (95% CI = 1.15, 5.58). In addition, a standing posture at work was an independent predictor of LLVV among ever employed participants (n = 234) in the current study (OR = 3.10; 95% CI = 1.02, 9.38).
conclusionsThis study highlighted seven modifiable independent predictors of LLVV mostly related to the life style, namely, frequent lifting of heavy objects, drinking < 5 cups of water/day, infrequent/no consumption of fiber-rich food, standing more than 4 h/day, irregular defecation habit, sleeping less than 8 h/day, and smoking. These findings provide a basis to design an evidence-based low-cost strategy for prevention of LLVV among Egyptian population.
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