ArticleAnnals of behavioral medicine : a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine2022
Minority Stress, Structural Stigma, and Physical Health Among Sexual and Gender Minority Individuals: Examining the Relative Strength of the Relationships.
Article in Annals of behavioral medicine : a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 67 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
67 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 102 citations in OpenAlex.
- Minority stress in relation to biological outcomes among sexual and gender minority people: a systematic review and update.Journal of behavioral medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Emergency Department Care Experiences of Transgender and Gender Expansive Patients: A Qualitative Study.Transgender health · 2026Article
- Association of Intimate Partner Violence With Substance Use Among Adults in Same-Sex and Opposite-Sex Partnerships.Journal of interpersonal violence · 2026Article
- Posttraumatic stress symptom reduction after gender-affirming medical interventions: A longitudinal study.Journal of traumatic stress · 2026Article
- Cardiovascular Health Across Gender Identities: Life's Essential 8 in the PRIDE Study.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2026Article
- Self-rated health and inflammation: Associations among partnered sexual minority and heterosexual adults.Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association · 2026Article
- Place-based disorder, social cohesion, and physical and mental health outcomes of LGBTQIA+ adults in the United States.AJE advances : research in epidemiology · 2026Article
- Identifying dominant factors that impact hazardous alcohol use among sexual and gender minority groups.Addictive behaviors reports · 2026Article
- Health Disparities Between Stress-Related Mental Health Conditions and Chronic Physical Health Conditions Among Hispanic and Latinx Sexual and Gender Minority Individuals: Findings from the All of Us Research Program.Psychology of sexual orientation and gender diversity · 2026Article
- Scoping Review of Sexual and Gender Minority Health Research in Ireland.Journal of advanced nursing · 2026Article
- Sexual Minority Adults and Smoking Cessation Outcomes: A Longitudinal Population-Based Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Experiences of Everyday Discrimination by Sexual Orientation in a Large National Cohort of Female Nurses.Journal of homosexuality · 2026Article
- Caring for the LGBTQIA+ Patient: A Best-Practices Primer on Language, Sexual Function Considerations, and Health Disparities in Gynecologic Care.Journal of minimally invasive gynecology · 2026Review
- Centering transgender and gender nonconforming people of color in the study of minority stress, transition-related factors, and mental health.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Queering Studies of Health and Bodily Experience: An Example From the Transgender Resilience and Health Study.American journal of biological anthropology · 2025Article
- Refugee stigma and its toll on mental health: development and validation of the refugee stigma scale (RSS).BMJ global health · 2025Article
- Sexual Identity Development Milestones, Latent Profiles, and Proximal Minority Stressors in Australia's Generation Z.Psychological science · 2025Article
- Forms of transphobia and their influence on health outcomes among transgender, nonbinary, and gender diverse individuals: a global systematic review.International journal of transgender health · 2025Article
- Characterizing state-level structural cisheterosexism trajectories using sequence and cluster analysis, 1996-2016, 50 US states and Washington, DC, and associations with health status and health care outcomes.American journal of epidemiology · 2025Article
7 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSexual and gender minority (SGM; i.e., non-heterosexual and transgender or gender-expansive, respectively) people experience physical health disparities attributed to greater exposure to minority stress (experiences of discrimination or victimization, anticipation of discrimination or victimization, concealment of SGM status, and internalization of stigma) and structural stigma. PURPOSE: To examine which components of minority stress and structural stigma have the strongest relationships with physical health among SGM people.
methodsParticipants (5,299 SGM people, 1,902 gender minority individuals) were from The Population Research in Identity and Disparities for Equality (PRIDE) Study. Dominance analyses estimated effect sizes showing how important each component of minority stress and structural stigma was to physical health outcomes.
resultsAmong cisgender sexual minority women, transmasculine individuals, American Indian or Alaskan Native SGM individuals, Asian SGM individuals, and White SGM individuals a safe current environment for SGM people had the strongest relationship with physical health. For gender-expansive individuals and Black, African American, or African SGM individuals, the safety of the environment for SGM people in which they were raised had the strongest relationship with physical health. Among transfeminine individuals, victimization experiences had the strongest relationship with physical health. Among Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish individuals, accepting current environments had the strongest relationship with physical health. Among cisgender sexual minority men prejudice/discrimination experiences had the strongest relationship with physical health.
conclusionSafe community environments had the strongest relationships with physical health among most groups of SGM people. Increasing safety and buffering the effects of unsafe communities are important for SGM health.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.