ArticleScientific reports2021
An immunoinformatics approach to design a multi-epitope vaccine against Mycobacterium tuberculosis exploiting secreted exosome proteins.
Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 48 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
48 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 51 citations in OpenAlex.
- Current Efficacy of Multiepitope Vaccines Against Helminths: A Systematic Review.Biomolecules · 2025Pooled it
- Encapsulation and assessment of therapeutic cargo in engineered exosomes: a systematic review.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2024Pooled it
- Extracellular vesicles for next-gen therapeutics and drug delivery.Molecular biomedicine · 2026Review
- Broad-Spectrum Multi-Epitope Design Targeting Conserved Hantavirus Glycoproteins (Gn/Gc): Chimeric Antigen Engineering and Structural Mapping.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Domain arrangement-driven immunogenicity of a computationally designed mRNA vaccine targeting PPE68, IrtA, and PE9 of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Clinical, immunohistochemical, and pathological assessment of a mouse model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis induced by a eukaryotic RpfE-MOGMolecular biology reports · 2026Article
- In silico design of a multiepitope vaccine against antibiotic drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Integrated reiterative pipeline for rapid epitope-based pan-alphavirus vaccines.Science advances · 2026Article
- Discovery of a multi-epitope tuberculosis vaccine targeting phospholipase C virulence factors: an insilico approach.Biotechnology letters · 2026Article
- TZ1391: a computationally designed circular mRNA multi-epitope vaccine candidate against Mycobacterium tuberculosis via TLR3 immunomodulation.BMC immunology · 2026Article
- Article
- Drug resistance mechanisms inFrontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Alterations in the Immune Response in Individuals with Latent Tuberculosis Infection.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- EP9158H: An Immunoinformatics-Designed mRNA Vaccine Encoding Multi-Epitope Antigens and Dual TLR Agonists for Tuberculosis Prevention.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- In silico design of a multi-epitope vaccine against the triple negative breast cancer.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Multifunctional Engineering of Exosomes for Precision Therapeutics: Strategies for Targeted Delivery, Barrier Evasion, and Clinical Translation.Pharmaceutical research · 2025Review
- Research progress of mRNA vaccines for infectious diseases.European journal of medical research · 2025Review
- Design of a multi-epitope vaccine against drug-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis and mycobacterium bovis using reverse vaccinology.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Rational design of an epitope-centric vaccine againstFrontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Development of a multi-epitope vaccine from outer membrane proteins and identification of novel drug targets againstFrontiers in immunology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Tuberculosis is one the oldest known affliction of mankind caused by the pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Till date, there is no absolute single treatment available to deal with the pathogen, which has acquired a great potential to develop drug resistance rapidly. BCG is the only anti-tuberculosis vaccine available till date which displays limited global efficacy due to genetic variation and concurrent pathogen infections. Extracellular vesicles or exosomes vesicle (EVs) lie at the frontier cellular talk between pathogen and the host, and therefore play a significant role in establishing pathogenesis. In the present study, an in-silico approach has been adopted to construct a multi-epitope vaccine from selected immunogenic EVs proteins to elicit a cellular as well as a humoral immune response. Our designed vaccine has wide population coverage and can effectively compensate for the genetic variation among different populations. For maximum efficacy and minimum adverse effects possibilities the antigenic, non-allergenic and non-toxic B-cell, HTL and CTL epitopes from experimentally proven EVs proteins were selected for the vaccine construct. TLR4 agonist RpfE served as an adjuvant for the vaccine construct. The vaccine construct structure was modelled, refined and docked on TLR4 immune receptor. The designed vaccine construct displayed safe usage and exhibits a high probability to elicit the critical immune regulators, like B cells, T-cells and memory cells as displayed by the in-silico immunization assays. Therefore, it can be further corroborated using in vitro and in vivo assays to fulfil the global need for a more efficacious anti-tuberculosis vaccine.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.