ArticleBreast cancer research : BCR2021
Associations of reproductive breast cancer risk factors with breast tissue composition.
Article in Breast cancer research : BCR, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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17 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Reproductive factors and the expression of stromal markers in benign breast biopsy samples.British journal of cancer · 2026Article
- Longitudinal Mammographic Breast Density Changes and Associated Factors in Older Korean Women.Radiology. Imaging cancer · 2026Article
- Associations of oral contraceptives with expression of CD44, CD24, and ALDH1A1 stem cell markers in women with benign breast biopsies.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2026Article
- Latent class analysis of conventional ultrasound features: a novel approach to predicting non-response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Artificial intelligence-based quantitative bone marrow pathology analysis for myeloproliferative neoplasms.Haematologica · 2025Article
- Association of reproductive and menstrual factors with the risk of breast cancer in women: a population-based study.BMC cancer · 2025Article
- Pregnancy associated breast cancer: correlation between parity and ultrasonic characteristics of tumors & background echotexture.Cancer imaging : the official publication of the International Cancer Imaging Society · 2025Article
- Mammographic Density in Relation to Breast Cancer Risk Factors among Chinese Women.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2025Article
- Age at First Full-term Pregnancy and Other Reproductive Factors Are Associated with Mammographic Breast Density in Postmenopausal Women: A Study in Flanders, Belgium.Cancer research communications · 2025Article
- Associations between quantitative measures of mammographic density and terminal ductal lobular unit involution in Chinese breast cancer patients.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2024Article
- Effect of testosterone therapy on breast tissue composition and mammographic breast density in trans masculine individuals.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2024Article
- Reproductive Factors Related to Childbearing and a Novel Automated Mammographic Measure, V.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2024Article
- Interaction of breast cancer-relevant DNA repair genes and air pollution in relation to breast cancer risk in UK biobank.American journal of cancer research · 2024Article
- Reproductive factors and expression of stem cell markers in women with incident benign breast disease.American journal of cancer research · 2024Article
- Host, reproductive, and lifestyle factors in relation to quantitative histologic metrics of the normal breast.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2023Article
- Associations of alcohol consumption with breast tissue composition.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2023Article
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11 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
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Abstract
backgroundWe investigated the associations of reproductive factors with the percentage of epithelium, stroma, and fat tissue in benign breast biopsy samples.
methodsThis study included 983 cancer-free women with biopsy-confirmed benign breast disease (BBD) within the Nurses' Health Study and Nurses' Health Study II cohorts. The percentage of each tissue type (epithelium, stroma, and fat) was measured on whole-section images with a deep-learning technique. All tissue measures were log-transformed in all the analyses to improve normality. The data on reproductive variables and other breast cancer risk factors were obtained from biennial questionnaires. Generalized linear regression was used to examine the associations of reproductive factors with the percentage of tissue types, while adjusting for known breast cancer risk factors.
resultsAs compared to parous women, nulliparous women had a smaller percentage of epithelium (β = - 0.26, 95% confidence interval [CI] - 0.41, - 0.11) and fat (β = - 0.34, 95% CI - 0.54, - 0.13) and a greater percentage of stroma (β = 0.04, 95% CI 0.01, 0.08). Among parous women, the number of children was inversely associated with the percentage of stroma (β per child = - 0.01, 95% CI - 0.02, - 0.00). The duration of breastfeeding of ≥ 24 months was associated with a reduced proportion of fat (β = - 0.30, 95% CI - 0.54, - 0.06; p-trend = 0.04). In a separate analysis restricted to premenopausal women, older age at first birth was associated with a greater proportion of epithelium and a smaller proportion of stroma.
conclusionsOur findings suggest that being nulliparous as well as having a fewer number of children (both positively associated with breast cancer risk) is associated with a smaller proportion of epithelium and a greater proportion of stroma, potentially suggesting the importance of epithelial-stromal interactions. Future studies are warranted to confirm our findings and to elucidate the underlying biological mechanisms.
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