Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34224043›Full record

Review3D printing in medicine2021

A review and guide to creating patient specific 3D printed anatomical models from MRI for benign gynecologic surgery.

Teresa E Flaxman, Carly M Cooke, Olivier X Miguel, Adnan M Sheikh, Sukhbir S Singh

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in 3D printing in medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed.

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  4. TranslatingFrontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Teresa E FlaxmanDepartment of Clinical Epidemiology, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 1967 Riverside Dr, 7th Floor, Ottawa, ON, K1H7W9, Canada. tflaxman@ohri.ca.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8874-3359
Carly M CookeDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Olivier X MiguelDepartment of Clinical Epidemiology, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 1967 Riverside Dr, 7th Floor, Ottawa, ON, K1H7W9, Canada.
Adnan M SheikhDepartment of Clinical Epidemiology, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 1967 Riverside Dr, 7th Floor, Ottawa, ON, K1H7W9, Canada.
Sukhbir S SinghDepartment of Clinical Epidemiology, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 1967 Riverside Dr, 7th Floor, Ottawa, ON, K1H7W9, Canada.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPatient specific three-dimensional (3D) models can be derived from two-dimensional medical images, such as magnetic resonance (MR) images. 3D models have been shown to improve anatomical comprehension by providing more accurate assessments of anatomical volumes and better perspectives of structural orientations relative to adjacent structures. The clinical benefit of using patient specific 3D printed models have been highlighted in the fields of orthopaedics, cardiothoracics, and neurosurgery for the purpose of pre-surgical planning. However, reports on the clinical use of 3D printed models in the field of gynecology are limited. MAIN TEXT: This article aims to provide a brief overview of the principles of 3D printing and the steps required to derive patient-specific, anatomically accurate 3D printed models of gynecologic anatomy from MR images. Examples of 3D printed models for uterine fibroids and endometriosis are presented as well as a discussion on the barriers to clinical uptake and the future directions for 3D printing in the field of gynecological surgery.

conclusionSuccessful gynecologic surgery requires a thorough understanding of the patient's anatomy and burden of disease. Future use of patient specific 3D printed models is encouraged so the clinical benefit can be better understood and evidence to support their use in standard of care can be provided.

Indexed as

3D printingBarriers of useEndometriosisGynecologyMRIMyomectomySurgical planning

Identifiers

PMID34224043
PMCPMC8256564

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.