Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34223117›Full record

ArticleJAC-antimicrobial resistance2021

WHO/INRUD core prescribing indicators and antibiotic utilization patterns among primary health care facilities in Ilala district, Tanzania.

Amosi Kilipamwambu, George M Bwire, David T Myemba, Belinda J Njiro, Mtebe V Majigo

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in JAC-antimicrobial resistance, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
23citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

23 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Antibiotic prescribing in public primary healthcare centres in Maseru, Lesotho.Southern African journal of infectious diseases · 2025
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Evaluating drug use patterns among paediatric outpatients in Burundi.Journal of pharmaceutical policy and practice · 2024
    Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Amosi KilipamwambuSchool of Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O. Box 65001, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
George M BwireSchool of Pharmacy, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O. Box 65001, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4867-7200
David T MyembaSchool of Pharmacy, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O. Box 65001, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0200-8121
Belinda J NjiroSchool of Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O. Box 65001, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Mtebe V MajigoSchool of Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O. Box 65001, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAntibiotic use requires regular monitoring to prevent emergence of antibiotic resistance.

objectivesTo assess antibiotic prescribing patterns at health care facilities (HCF) in Ilala district, Tanzania.

methodsA 1 year retrospective study was conducted in four HCFs using WHO/International Network of Rational Use of Drugs (INRUD) core prescribing indicators. Factors associated with antibiotic prescription were analysed using logistic regression model.

resultsA total of 604 prescriptions were reviewed. Patients had median age (IQR) of 15 (4-31) years with majority having upper respiratory tract infection 33.3% (

conclusionsWe found inappropriate use of antibiotics in the studied primary HCFs. Antibiotic stewardship programmes should be extended to primary HCFs found in Ilala district.

Identifiers

PMID34223117
PMCPMC8210294

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.