ArticleEClinicalMedicine2021
Centenarians and extremely old people living with frailty can elicit durable SARS-CoV-2 spike specific IgG antibodies with virus neutralization functions following virus infection as determined by serological study.
Article in EClinicalMedicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Centenarian Mortality Rate During COVID-19: Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.JMIR research protocols · 2025Article
- Mortality Trends in Pre-COVID-19 and COVID-19 Eras Among Oldest Veterans.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2025Article
- Phylogenetic and epidemiological insights into centenarians' resilience to COVID-19: exploring the role of past coronavirus pandemics.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Centenarians, semi and supercentenarians, COVID-19 and Spanish flu: a serological assessment to gain insight into the resilience of older centenarians to COVID-19.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2024Article
- Third COVID-19 vaccine dose boosts antibody function in Rwandans with high HIV viral load.iScience · 2023Article
- Review
- The oldest unvaccinated Covid-19 survivors in South America.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2022Article
- The 90 plus: longevity and COVID-19 survival.Molecular psychiatry · 2022Review
- Venerable but Vulnerable: When Centenarians Encounter Coronavirus Disease 2019.Open forum infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Neutralizing Antibody Responses After SARS-CoV-2 Infection in End-Stage Kidney Disease and Protection Against Reinfection.Kidney international reports · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
19 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2) has led to more than 165 million COVID-19 cases and >3.4 million deaths worldwide. Epidemiological analysis has revealed that the risk of developing severe COVID-19 increases with age. Despite a disproportionate number of older individuals and long-term care facilities being affected by SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19, very little is understood about the immune responses and development of humoral immunity in the extremely old person after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Here we conducted a serological study to investigate the development of humoral immunity in centenarians following a SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in a long-term care facility.
methodsExtreme aged individuals and centenarians who were residents in a long-term care facility and infected with or exposed to SARS-CoV-2 were investigated between April and June 2020 for the development of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2. Blood samples were collected from positive and bystander individuals 30 and 60 days after original diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Plasma was used to quantify IgG, IgA, and IgM isotypes and subsequent subclasses of antibodies specific for SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. The function of anti-spike was then assessed by virus neutralization assays against the native SARS-CoV-2 virus.
findingsFifteen long-term care residents were investigated for SARS-CoV-2 infection. All individuals had a Clinical Frailty scale score ≥5 and were of extreme older age or were centenarians. Six women with a median age of 98.8 years tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. Anti-spike IgG antibody titers were the highest titers observed in our cohort with all IgG positive individuals having virus neutralization ability. Additionally, 5 out of the 6 positive participants had a robust IgA anti-SARS-CoV-2 response. In all 5, antibodies were detected after 60 days from initial diagnosis.
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Registered trials
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