Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34222108›Full record

ArticleIranian journal of otorhinolaryngology2021

Olfactory Dysfunction in Patients Infected with 2019 Novel Coronavirus.

Mehdi Bakhshaee, Maral Barzegar-Amini, Zohreh Motedayen, Roshanak Khojasteh-Taheri, Mahdi Rafiee, Mahnaz Amini, Parvaneh Layegh, Kamila Hashemzadeh, Delaram Omidvar, Peter H Hwang and 1 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Iranian journal of otorhinolaryngology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Inhaled corticosteroids' effect on COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Canadian journal of respiratory therapy : CJRT = Revue canadienne de la therapie respiratoire : RCTR · 2023
    Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Trial
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Mehdi BakhshaeeSinus and Surgical Endoscopic Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Maral Barzegar-AminiAllergy Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Zohreh MotedayenDepartment of Otolaryngology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Roshanak Khojasteh-TaheriDepartment of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Neyshaboor Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshaboor, Iran.
Mahdi RafieeStudent Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Mahnaz AminiLung Disease Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Parvaneh LayeghDepartment of Radiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Kamila HashemzadehRheumatic Disease Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Delaram OmidvarDepartment of Internal Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Peter H HwangDepartment of Rhinology & Endoscopic Skull Base Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California.
Masoomeh HosseinpoorDepartment of Otolaryngology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionThe current study aimed at investigating the occurrence and features of olfactory dysfunction in patients with confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. MATERIALS AND

methodsPatients with laboratory and clinically confirmed COVID-19 infection were enrolled in this longitudinal study. They were managed in either the inpatient or outpatient setting. The demographic, clinical, and outcome data were retrieved from patients' medical records. Olfactory dysfunction features, including the onset pattern, duration, and recovery time were investigated. The visual analog scale (VAS) was utilized as a self-rating subjective measurement of olfactory function.

resultsAccording to the results, the mean age of the patients (n=502) was obtained at 46.8±18.5 years; moreover, 52.4% and 47.6% of cases were female and male, respectively. It was also revealed that 35.4% and 64.5% of the subjects were outpatients and hospitalized, respectively. Based on the findings, 178 (38.4%) subjects had olfactory dysfunction. The mean values of VAS in hyposmic patients were estimated at 2.5±2.5, 8.3 ±2.1, and 9.4±1.6 at the first evaluation, in 2 weeks, and after 1 month of follow-up (P<0.001). The onset of olfactory dysfunction was more suddenly (58.7%). The majority of cases experienced olfactory dysfunction at the same time as other symptoms 72(51.1%). Based on the results, 0.4% of subjects infected with COVID-19 had olfactory dysfunction as an isolated symptom. The olfactory dysfunction was recovered after 2 weeks in 18 (25.3%) anosmic and 37(46.8%) hyposmic patients.

conclusionOlfactory dysfunction seemed to be an important symptom of COVID-19 infection. The occurrence of this disturbance as a transient self-limited condition was significantly higher among female subjects.

Indexed as

COVID-19Olfactory dysfunctionSmell disorder

Identifiers

PMID34222108
PMCPMC8231298

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.