Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34222042›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology2021

Combining Metagenomic Sequencing With Whole Exome Sequencing to Optimize Clinical Strategies in Neonates With a Suspected Central Nervous System Infection.

Mengmeng Ge, Mingyu Gan, Kai Yan, Feifan Xiao, Lin Yang, Bingbing Wu, Mili Xiao, Yin Ba, Rong Zhang, Jin Wang and 5 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
28citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
4.7field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

28 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 43 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Diagnostic accuracy of the metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) for detection of bacterial meningoencephalitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2022
    Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Clinical characterization ofFrontiers in medicine · 2026
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Case Report: Pulmonary mixed infection byFrontiers in immunology · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Mengmeng GeDepartment of Neonatology, Children's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Mingyu GanClinical Genetic Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Kai YanDepartment of Neonatology, Children's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Feifan XiaoDepartment of Neonatology, Children's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Lin YangClinical Genetic Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Bingbing WuChildren's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, The Translational Medicine Center of Children Development and Disease of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Mili XiaoDepartment of Neonatology, Children's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Yin BaDepartment of Neonatology, Children's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Rong ZhangDepartment of Neonatology, Children's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Jin WangDepartment of Neonatology, Children's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Guoqiang ChengDepartment of Neonatology, Children's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Laishuan WangDepartment of Neonatology, Children's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Yun CaoDepartment of Neonatology, Children's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Wenhao ZhouDepartment of Neonatology, Children's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Liyuan HuDepartment of Neonatology, Children's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Children's Hospital of Fudan University · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objectives: Central nervous system (CNS) infection has a high incidence and mortality in neonates, but conventional tests are time-consuming and have a low sensitivity. Some rare genetic diseases may have some similar clinical manifestations as CNS infection. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the performance of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) in diagnosing neonatal CNS infection and to explore the etiology of neonatal suspected CNS infection by combining mNGS with whole exome sequencing (WES). Methods: We prospectively enrolled neonates with a suspected CNS infection who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit(NICU) from September 1, 2019, to May 31, 2020. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples collected from all patients were tested by using conventional methods and mNGS. For patients with a confirmed CNS infection and patients with an unclear clinical diagnosis, WES was performed on blood samples. Results: Eighty-eight neonatal patients were enrolled, and 101 CSF samples were collected. Fourty-three blood samples were collected for WES. mNGS showed a sample diagnostic yield of 19.8% (20/101) compared to 4.95% (5/101) for the conventional methods. In the empirical treatment group, the detection rate of mNGS was significantly higher than that of conventional methods [27% vs. 6.3%, p=0.002]. Among the 88 patients, 15 patients were etiologically diagnosed by mNGS alone, five patients were etiologically identified by WES alone, and one patient was diagnosed by both mNGS and WES. Twelve of 13 diagnoses based solely on mNGS had a likely clinical effect. Six patients diagnosed by WES also experienced clinical effect. Conclusions: For patients with a suspected CNS infections, mNGS combined with WES might significantly improve the diagnostic rate of the etiology and effectively guide clinical strategies.

Indexed as

Central Nervous System InfectionsMetagenomicsExome SequencingHigh-Throughput Nucleotide SequencingHumansInfant, NewbornMetagenomeSensitivity and Specificitymetagenomic sequencingneonatesNICUsuspected central nervous system infectionWES

Identifiers

PMID34222042
PMCPMC8253254
OpenAlexW3177270159

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.