ReviewStem cells international2021
The Crosstalk between Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Macrophages in Bone Regeneration: A Systematic Review.
Review in Stem cells international, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- Regulating Cells Fate and Function to Facilitate Bone Regeneration via Designing Programmable Bio-Interactive Materials.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Biochemical and Physicomechanical Cues of Biomaterials Guide Osteogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Low oxygen preconditioning of umbilical cord MSCs: from biological to mechanistic innovation.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- Recent progress in immunomodulation-based strategies for bone repair.Regenerative therapy · 2026Review
- Spermidine reduces peri-implant inflammation and fibrosis to nurture osseointegration.Bioactive materials · 2026Article
- Demystifying Our Knowledge of Stem Cells and Progenitor Cells Part I: Basic Concepts Relevant to the Treatment of Osteonecrosis and Other Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System.The Journal of arthroplasty · 2025Review
- Molecular Determinants of Bone Plasticity Regeneration After Trauma: Forensic Consequences.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Modulating immune-stem cell crosstalk enables robust bone regeneration via tuning compositions of macroporous scaffolds.NPJ Regenerative medicine · 2025Article
- Impact of Different Cell Types on the Osteogenic Differentiation Process of Mesenchymal Stem Cells.Stem cells international · 2025Review
- From macrophage polarization to clinical translation: immunomodulatory hydrogels for infection-associated bone regeneration.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Review
- Biomolecule and Ion Releasing Mesoporous Nanoparticles: Nonconvergent Osteogenic and Osteo-immunogenic Performance.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2024Article
- Endothelial cells-derived exosomes-based hydrogel improved tendinous repair via anti-inflammatory and tissue regeneration-promoting properties.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2024Article
- A xonotlite nanofiber bioactive 3D-printed hydrogel scaffold based on osteo-/angiogenesis and osteoimmune microenvironment remodeling accelerates vascularized bone regeneration.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2024Article
- Article
- Preparation of genetically or chemically engineered exosomes and their therapeutic effects in bone regeneration and anti-inflammation.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2024Review
- Review
- CXCL chemokines-mediated communication between macrophages and BMSCs on titanium surface promotes osteogenesis via the actin cytoskeleton pathway.Materials today. Bio · 2023Article
- Remodeling periodontal osteoimmune microenvironment through MAPK/NFκB phosphorylation pathway of macrophage via intelligent ROS scavenging.Human cell · 2023Article
- Interaction between Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Immune Cells during Bone Injury Repair.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- A new osteogenic protein isolated fromBioactive materials · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Bone regeneration is a complex and well-coordinated process that involves crosstalk between immune cells and resident cells in the injury site. Transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is a promising strategy to enhance bone regeneration. Growing evidence suggests that macrophages have a significant impact on osteogenesis during bone regeneration. However, the precise mechanisms by which macrophage subtypes influence bone regeneration and how MSCs communicate with macrophages have not yet been fully elucidated. In this systematic literature review, we gathered evidence regarding the crosstalk between MSCs and macrophages during bone regeneration. According to the PRISMA protocol, we extracted literature from PubMed and Embase databases by using "mesenchymal stem cells" and "macrophages" and "bone regeneration" as keywords. Thirty-three studies were selected for this review. MSCs isolated from both bone marrow and adipose tissue and both primary macrophages and macrophage cell lines were used in the selected studies. In conclusion, anti-inflammatory macrophages (M2) have significantly more potential to strengthen bone regeneration compared with naïve (M0) and classically activated macrophages (M1). Transplantation of MSCs induced M1-to-M2 transition and transformed the skeletal microenvironment to facilitate bone regeneration in bone fracture and bone defect models. This review highlights the complexity between MSCs and macrophages, providing more insight into the polarized macrophage behavior in this evolving field of osteoimmunology. The results may serve as a useful reference for definite success in MSC-based therapy based on the critical interaction with macrophages.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.