ReviewFrontiers in immunology2021
Short- and Long-Lived Autoantibody-Secreting Cells in Autoimmune Neurological Disorders.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- The efficacy and safety of efgartigimod for refractory myasthenia gravis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European journal of medical research · 2025Pooled it
- Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy for autoimmune diseases of the central nervous system: a systematic literature review.Journal of neurology · 2024Pooled it
- BCMA-directed mRNA CAR T cell therapy for myasthenia gravis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2b trial.Nature medicine · 2026Trial
- BCMA-directed mRNA CAR-T cell therapy for myasthenia gravis: exploratory biomarker analysis of a placebo-controlled phase 2b trial.Nature medicine · 2026Trial
- Safety and clinical activity of autologous RNA chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy in myasthenia gravis (MG-001): a prospective, multicentre, open-label, non-randomised phase 1b/2a study.The Lancet. Neurology · 2023Trial
- Autoantibodies to Extracellular Erythrocyte Band 3 Epitopes Are Associated With Anemia in Plasmodium vivax Infection.American journal of hematology · 2026Article
- Olink Proteomics Analysis Reveals Heterogeneous Responses to FcRn Blockade in Anti-AChR Antibody-Positive Myasthenia Gravis: FGF-19 as a Novel Biomarker.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2026Article
- Clinical utility of human leukocyte antigen genotyping and immunoglobulin G4 autoantibody testing in autoimmune neurological diseases: A focused minireview.World journal of biological chemistry · 2026Review
- Global Research Landscape in T Cells and Myasthenia Gravis: Trends, Collaborations, and Future Directions.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- From cellular heterogeneity to precision medicine: single-cell multi-omics in CNS disease research.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2026Review
- Why are long-lived plasma cells long-lived?Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Turncoat antibodies unmasked in a model of autoimmune demyelination: From biology to therapy.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Research progress on chimeric antigen receptor-based immunotherapy against autoimmune diseases.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Review
- Immunological Targets in Generalized Myasthenia Gravis Treatment: Where Are We Going Now?Brain sciences · 2025Review
- Anti-pan-neurofascin IgG3: insights about an emerging autoimmune nodoparanodopathy.Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria · 2025Review
- Review
- β-Glucan induced plasma B cells differentiation to enhance antitumor immune responses by Dectin-1.BMC immunology · 2025Article
- Multiplexed Mass Cytometry of Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus and Dermatomyositis Skin: An In-depth, B-Cell-Directed Immunoprofile.The Journal of investigative dermatology · 2025Article
- Telitacicept as double-targeted therapy for myasthenia gravis coexisting with connective tissue disease: three case reports.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- A consensus mathematical model of vaccine-induced antibody dynamics for multiple vaccine platforms and pathogens.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
As B cells differentiate into antibody-secreting cells (ASCs), short-lived plasmablasts (SLPBs) are produced by a primary extrafollicular response, followed by the generation of memory B cells and long-lived plasma cells (LLPCs) in germinal centers (GCs). Generation of IgG4 antibodies is T helper type 2 (Th2) and IL-4, -13, and -10-driven and can occur parallel to IgE, in response to chronic stimulation by allergens and helminths. Although IgG4 antibodies are non-crosslinking and have limited ability to mobilize complement and cellular cytotoxicity, when self-tolerance is lost, they can disrupt ligand-receptor binding and cause a wide range of autoimmune disorders including neurological autoimmunity. In myasthenia gravis with predominantly IgG4 autoantibodies against muscle-specific kinase (MuSK), it has been observed that one-time CD20
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.