Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34219836›Full record

ArticleGeophysical research letters2021

Retreat of Humboldt Gletscher, North Greenland, Driven by Undercutting From a Warmer Ocean.

Eric Rignot, Lu An, Nolwenn Chauche, Mathieu Morlighem, Seongsu Jeong, Michael Wood, Jeremie Mouginot, Josh K Willis, Ingo Klaucke, Wilhelm Weinrebe and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Geophysical research letters, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Melt rates in the kilometer-size grounding zone of Petermann Glacier, Greenland, before and during a retreat.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023
    Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Eric RignotDepartment Earth System Science University of California Irvine Irvine CA USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3366-0481
Lu AnDepartment Earth System Science University of California Irvine Irvine CA USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3507-5953
Nolwenn ChaucheAccess Arctic SARL Le Vieux Marigny France.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4559-0334
Mathieu MorlighemDepartment Earth System Science University of California Irvine Irvine CA USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5219-1310
Seongsu JeongDepartment Earth System Science University of California Irvine Irvine CA USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6844-5925
Michael WoodDepartment Earth System Science University of California Irvine Irvine CA USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3074-7845
Jeremie MouginotDepartment Earth System Science University of California Irvine Irvine CA USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9155-5455
Josh K WillisJet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4515-8771
Ingo KlauckeGEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel Kiel Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2631-6615
Wilhelm WeinrebeGEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel Kiel Germany.
Andreas MuenchowSchool of Marine Science and Policy University of Delaware Newark DE USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8360-5686

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Humboldt Gletscher is a 100-km wide, slow-moving glacier in north Greenland which holds a 19-cm global sea level equivalent. Humboldt has been the fourth largest contributor to sea level rise since 1972 but the cause of its mass loss has not been elucidated. Multi-beam echo sounding data collected in 2019 indicate a seabed 200 m deeper than previously known. Conductivity temperature depth data reveal the presence of warm water of Atlantic origin at 0°C at the glacier front and a warming of the ocean waters by 0.9 ± 0.1°C since 1962. Using an ocean model, we reconstruct grounded ice undercutting by the ocean, combine it with calculated retreat caused by ice thinning to floatation, and are able to fully explain the observed retreat. Two thirds of the retreat are caused by undercutting of grounded ice, which is a physical process not included in most ice sheet models.

Indexed as

bathymetryglaciologyGreenlandmass balancephysical oceansea level

Identifiers

PMID34219836
PMCPMC8243930

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.