ArticleSpinal cord series and cases2021
Transspinal stimulation and step training alter function of spinal networks in complete spinal cord injury.
Article in Spinal cord series and cases, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07204184 (Cervical and Lumbosacral Transspinal Stimulation to Reconnect the Injured Human Spinal Cord), which is not on this map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Cervical and Lumbosacral Transspinal Stimulation to Reconnect the Injured Human Spinal Cord
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Modulations in neural pathways excitability post transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation among individuals with spinal cord injury: a systematic review.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2024Pooled it
- Transspinal direct current stimulation alters neuronal excitability but not homosynaptic inhibition in human spinal cord injury: a pilot clinical trial.Experimental brain research · 2025Trial
- Brain and spinal cord paired stimulation coupled with locomotor training affects polysynaptic flexion reflex circuits in human spinal cord injury.Experimental brain research · 2022Trial
- Neuroplasticity in Spinal Cord Injury: A Scoping Review of Characterized Mechanisms.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Transspinal stimulation preceding assisted step training reorganizes neuronal excitability and function of inhibitory networks in spinal cord injury: a randomized controlled trial.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
- Optimal sigmoid function models for analysis of transspinal evoked potential recruitment curves recorded from different muscles.PloS one · 2025Article
- Soleus H-reflex amplitude modulation during walking remains physiological during transspinal stimulation in humans.Experimental brain research · 2024Article
- Transcutaneous spinal stimulation in people with and without spinal cord injury: Effect of electrode placement and trains of stimulation on threshold intensity.Physiological reports · 2023Article
- Article
- Effects of exercise training on neurological recovery, TGF-β1, HIF-1α, and Nogo-NgR signaling pathways after spinal cord injury in rats.Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 2023Article
- Physiological effects of cathodal electrode configuration for transspinal stimulation in humans.Journal of neurophysiology · 2022Article
- Exoskeleton Training and Trans-Spinal Stimulation for Physical Activity Enhancement After Spinal Cord Injury (EXTra-SCI): An Exploratory Study.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences · 2022Article
- Activation of human spinal locomotor circuitry using transvertebral magnetic stimulation.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2022Article
- Transspinal direct current stimulation as targeted therapy to increase motor neuron output and restore inhibition in human spinal cord injury.Frontiers in neurologyArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
STUDY
designPilot study (case series).
objectiveThe objective of this study was to establish spinal neurophysiological changes following high-frequency transspinal stimulation during robot-assisted step training in individuals with chronic motor complete spinal cord injury (SCI).
settingUniversity research laboratory (Klab4Recovery).
methodsFour individuals with motor complete SCI received an average of 18 sessions of transspinal stimulation over the thoracolumbar region with a pulse train at 333 Hz during robotic-assisted step training. Each session lasted ~1 h, with an average of 240 stimulations delivered during each training session. Before and after the combined intervention, we evaluated the amplitude modulation of the long-latency tibialis anterior (TA) flexion reflex and transspinal evoked potentials (TEP) recorded from flexors and extensors during assisted stepping, and the TEP recruitment curves at rest.
resultsThe long-latency TA flexion reflex was depressed in all phases of the step cycle and the phase-dependent amplitude modulation of TEPs was altered during assisted stepping, while spinal motor output based on TEP recruitment curves was increased after the combined intervention.
conclusionThis is the first study documenting noninvasive transspinal stimulation coupled with locomotor training depresses flexion reflex excitability and concomitantly increases motoneuron output over multiple spinal segments for both flexors and extensors in people with motor complete SCI. While both transspinal stimulation and locomotor training may act via similar activity-dependent neuroplasticity mechanisms, combined interventions for rehabilitation of neurological disorders has not been systematically assessed. Our current findings support locomotor training induced neuroplasticity may be augmented with transspinal stimulation.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.