Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34218186›Full record

ArticleEnvironment international2021

Air pollution and cardiovascular disease hospitalization - Are associations modified by greenness, temperature and humidity?

Jochem O Klompmaker, Jaime E Hart, Peter James, M Benjamin Sabath, Xiao Wu, Antonella Zanobetti, Francesca Dominici, Francine Laden

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Environment international, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
37citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

37 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Redlining, Community Wealth, and Air Pollution: A Tale of Three Cities-Boston, Nashville, and Detroit.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Long-term exposure to PMEnvironmental research · 2025
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. The effects of PMBMC public health · 2024
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Jochem O KlompmakerDepartment of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, 655 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, United States. Electronic address: jklompmaker@hsph.harvard.edu.
Jaime E HartDepartment of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, 655 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, United States; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, United States.
Peter JamesDepartment of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, 655 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, United States; Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, 401 Park Drive, Boston, MA 02215, United States.
M Benjamin SabathDepartment of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, United States.
Xiao WuDepartment of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, United States.
Antonella ZanobettiDepartment of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, 655 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, United States.
Francesca DominiciDepartment of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, United States.
Francine LadenDepartment of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, 655 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, United States; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, United States; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, United States.

Funding

Translational Research Support CoreP30ES000002 · NIEHS · HARVARD UNIVERSITY (SCH OF PUBLIC HLTH) · PI SUSAN A KORRICK · 1985 to 2026
$44.6M
Training Program in Environmental EpidemiologyT32ES007069 · NIEHS · HARVARD UNIVERSITY (SCH OF PUBLIC HLTH) · PI LADEN, FRANCINE · 1985 to 2024
$13.9M
National Cohort Studies of Alzheimer's Disease, Related Dementias and Air PollutionR01AG066793 · NIA · HARVARD UNIVERSITY D/B/A HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH · PI ZANOBETTI, ANTONELLA · 2020 to 2025
$4.2M
Built Environment Assessment through Computer visiON (BEACON): Applying Deep Learning to Street-Level and Satellite Images to Estimate Built Environment Effects on Cardiovascular HealthR01HL150119 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS · PI JAMES, PETER · 2020 to 2024
$3.9M
Relationship Between Multiple Environmental Exposures and CVD Incidence and Survival: Vulnerability and SusceptibilityR01ES028033 · NIEHS · HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH · PI DOMINICI, FRANCESCA, LADEN, FRANCINE · 2018 to 2022
$3.5M
Cardiovascular Health and Air Pollution: A National StudyR01ES024332 · NIEHS · HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH · PI ZANOBETTI, ANTONELLA · 2015 to 2018
$2.5M
NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL150119NIA NIH HHS R01 AG066793NIEHS NIH HHS P30 ES000002NIEHS NIH HHS R01 ES024332NIEHS NIH HHS R01 ES028033NIEHS NIH HHS T32 ES007069
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundStudies have observed associations between long-term air pollution and cardiovascular disease hospitalization. Little is known, however, about effect modification of these associations by greenness, temperature and humidity.

methodsWe constructed an open cohort consisting of all fee-for-service Medicare beneficiaries, aged ≥ 65, living in the contiguous US from 2000 through 2016 (~63 million individuals). We assigned annual average PM

resultsPM

conclusionPM

Indexed as

Air PollutantsAir PollutionCardiovascular DiseasesAgedEnvironmental ExposureHospitalizationHumansHumidityMedicareParticulate MatterTemperatureUnited StatesAir PollutantsParticulate MatterCardiovascular diseaseEffect modificationLow-level air pollutionNO(2)O(x)OzonePM(2.5)

Identifiers

PMID34218186
PMCPMC8380672

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.