Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34217696›Full record

ArticleSleep health2021

Loneliness and sleep in the American Indian Blackfeet community.

Neha A John-Henderson, Benjamin Oosterhoff, Karalee M Kothe, Taylor D Kampf, Brad Hall, Lester R Johnson, Mary Ellen LaFromboise, Melveena Malatare, Emily M Salois, Alexandra K Adams and 1 more

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Sleep health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed
2.0field-weighted citation impact, top 14% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Social Networks and Loneliness in the Blackfeet American Indian Community.International journal of behavioral medicine · 2026
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  9. Loneliness dynamics and physical health symptomology among midlife adults in daily life.Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association · 2024
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Neha A John-HendersonMontana State University, Department of Psychology, Bozeman, Montana, USA; Montana State University, Center for American Indian and Rural Health Equity, Bozeman, Montana, USA. Electronic address: neha.johnhenderson@montana.edu.
Benjamin OosterhoffMontana State University, Department of Psychology, Bozeman, Montana, USA; Montana State University, Center for American Indian and Rural Health Equity, Bozeman, Montana, USA.
Karalee M KotheMontana State University, Department of Psychology, Bozeman, Montana, USA.
Taylor D KampfMontana State University, Department of Psychology, Bozeman, Montana, USA.
Brad HallBrowning, Montana, United States.
Lester R JohnsonBrowning, Montana, United States.
Mary Ellen LaFromboiseBrowning, Montana, United States.
Melveena MalatareBrowning, Montana, United States.
Emily M SaloisMontana State University, Center for American Indian and Rural Health Equity, Bozeman, Montana, USA.
Alexandra K AdamsMontana State University, Center for American Indian and Rural Health Equity, Bozeman, Montana, USA.
Jason R CarterMontana State University, Department of Psychology, Bozeman, Montana, USA; Montana State University, Department of Human Health and Development, Bozeman, Montana, USA.
Montana State University · US

Funding

Research Core (Developmental Research Project Program)P20GM103474 · NIGMS · MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY - BOZEMAN · PI Jeffrey Good · 2012 to 2026
$60.0M
Translational Biomarkers CoreP20GM104417 · NIGMS · MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY - BOZEMAN · PI ADAMS, ALEXANDRA K. · 2014 to 2023
$23.1M
Tracking and Evaluation CoreU54GM115371 · NIGMS · MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY - BOZEMAN · PI QUINN, MARK T, RASMUS, STACY M. · 2016 to 2020
$20.9M
NIGMS NIH HHS P20 GM103474NIGMS NIH HHS P20 GM104417NIGMS NIH HHS U54 GM115371
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSleep is largely understudied in American Indians (AIs), even though sleep is implicated in the chronic diseases which disproportionately affect AI communities.

objectiveTo investigate relationships between daily self-reported loneliness and sleep as measured with actigraphy.

methodsIn a sample of 98 Blackfeet adults living on the Blackfeet reservation in Montana, we used Ecological Momentary Assessment and actigraphy over a week-long period to investigate relationships between loneliness and sleep. Loneliness was measured daily using the Short Loneliness Scale and actigraphy was used to measure total sleep time, sleep onset latency (SOL), wake after sleep onset (WASO), and sleep efficiency (SE).

resultsUsing a series of generalized linear mixed-effects models controlling for demographic characteristics, anxiety and depressive symptoms, and adverse childhood experiences, we found that those who were lonelier had higher WASO and SOL, and lower SE relative to those who were less lonely. Within-subject effects indicate that participants who were lonelier for a given day relative to their own weekly average had higher WASO that night relative to their own weekly average.

conclusionsOur findings provide initial preliminary evidence suggesting that loneliness may be a psychosocial factor which contributes to poor sleep in AI communities.

Indexed as

LonelinessSleep Initiation and Maintenance DisordersActigraphyAdultAmerican Indian or Alaska NativeHumansSleepActigraphyAmerican IndianCommunity-based participatory researchEcological momentary assessmentLonelinessSleep

Identifiers

PMID34217696
PMCPMC8794237
OpenAlexW3179758082

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.