ReviewBritish journal of anaesthesia2021
Noninvasive respiratory support and patient self-inflicted lung injury in COVID-19: a narrative review.
Review in British journal of anaesthesia, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05576246 (Airway Occlusion Measured During Non-invasive Ventilation to Assess Respiratory Effort), which is not on this map. Cited by 65 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Airway Occlusion Measured During Non-invasive Ventilation to Assess Respiratory Effort
Who cites it
65 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 117 citations in OpenAlex.
- Heart failure during the COVID-19 pandemic: clinical, diagnostic, management, and organizational dilemmas.ESC heart failure · 2022Pooled it
- Prone positioning for non-intubated spontaneously breathing patients with acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis.British journal of anaesthesia · 2022Pooled it
- Non-Invasive Multimodal Neuromonitoring in Non-Critically Ill Hospitalized Adult Patients With COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Pooled it
- Comparison between high-flow nasal cannula and conventional oxygen therapy in COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Therapeutic advances in respiratory diseasePooled it
- Factors for success of awake prone positioning in patients with COVID-19-induced acute hypoxemic respiratory failure: analysis of a randomized controlled trial.Critical care (London, England) · 2022Trial
- Article
- Association of prolonged pre-intubation high-flow nasal cannula duration with survival and successful V-V ECMO liberation in severe ARDS: a retrospective multicenter study.Journal of intensive care · 2026Article
- [Invasive mechanical ventilation: indications and alternatives : Systematic evaluation of the evidence and recommendations for clinical practice from the S3 guidelines "invasive mechanical ventilation and the use of extracorporeal procedures in acute respiratory failure"].Medizinische Klinik, Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin · 2026Review
- Delayed intubation and 60-day mortality in severe COVID-19-associated acute respiratory failure in an emulated target trial using the OUTCOMEREA network.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Computational tools for personalizing treatment of acute respiratory failure, from machine learning to digital twins: a narrative review.Critical care (London, England) · 2026Review
- The Geometry of Circulatory Shock: A Conceptual Multi-Scale Lagrangian Framework for Physiology-Informed Hemodynamic Phenotyping.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Rehabilitating the diaphragm: an integrated approach to intensive care unit-acquired dysfunction in critical illness-a narrative review.Acute and critical care · 2026Article
- Mechanical ventilation in ARDS: navigating the fine line with real-time monitoring.Critical care (London, England) · 2026Review
- Patient Self-Inflicted Lung Injury in ARDS: From Physiological Concept to Clinical Syndrome.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Extracorporeal Carbon Dioxide Removal in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Physiologic Rationale and Phenotype-Based Perspectives.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Review
- Assessing inspiratory drive and effort in critically ill patients at the bedside.Critical care (London, England) · 2025Review
- Lung re-aeration assessment by ultrasound during mechanical ventilation: Current knowledge of literature review.Multidisciplinary respiratory medicine · 2025Article
- Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury: The Unseen Challenge in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Management.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Use of prone position in spontaneous breathing in patients with COVID-19.Journal of critical care medicine (Universitatea de Medicina si Farmacie din Targu-Mures) · 2025Article
- Longitudinal recovery trajectories and ventilatory modalities in COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome survivors.ERJ open research · 2025Article
5 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
COVID-19 pneumonia is associated with hypoxaemic respiratory failure, ranging from mild to severe. Because of the worldwide shortage of ICU beds, a relatively high number of patients with respiratory failure are receiving prolonged noninvasive respiratory support, even when their clinical status would have required invasive mechanical ventilation. There are few experimental and clinical data reporting that vigorous breathing effort during spontaneous ventilation can worsen lung injury and cause a phenomenon that has been termed patient self-inflicted lung injury (P-SILI). The aim of this narrative review is to provide an overview of P-SILI pathophysiology and the role of noninvasive respiratory support in COVID-19 pneumonia. Respiratory mechanics, vascular compromise, viscoelastic properties, lung inhomogeneity, work of breathing, and oesophageal pressure swings are discussed. The concept of P-SILI has been widely investigated in recent years, but controversies persist regarding its mechanisms. To minimise the risk of P-SILI, intensivists should better understand its underlying pathophysiology to optimise the type of noninvasive respiratory support provided to patients with COVID-19 pneumonia, and decide on the optimal timing of intubation for these patients.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.