ArticleCancer cell international2021
Prognostic value of tumor immune cell infiltration patterns in colon adenocarcinoma based on systematic bioinformatics analysis.
Article in Cancer cell international, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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6 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Characterization of the immune cell infiltration patterns in lung adenocarcinoma to facilitate immunotherapy.Heliyon · 2025Article
- Action of m6A-related gene signatures on the prognosis and immune microenvironment of colonic adenocarcinoma.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Mismatch repair geneFrontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Prognostic and immune infiltrative biomarkers of CENPO in pan-cancer and its relationship with lung adenocarcinoma cell proliferation and metastasis.BMC cancer · 2023Article
- Identification of Immune-Related lncRNA Pairs and Construction and Validation of a New Prognostic Signature of Colon Cancer.Canadian journal of gastroenterology & hepatology · 2022Article
- The establishment of a hub differential gene model to predict prognosis in stage II and III right- and left-sided colon cancer patients.Annals of translational medicine · 2021Article
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3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
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Abstract
backgroundAlthough immunotherapy for colon cancer has made promising progress, only a few patients currently benefit from it. A recent study revealed that infiltrating immune cells are highly relevant to tumor prognosis and influence the expression of immune-related genes. However, the characterization of immune cell infiltration (ICI) has not yet been comprehensively analyzed and quantified in colon adenocarcinoma (COAD).
methodsThe multiomic data of COAD samples were downloaded from TCGA. ESTIMATE algorithm, ssGSEA method and CIBERSORT analysis were conducted to estimate the subpopulations of infiltrating immune cells. COAD subtypes based on ICI pattern were identified by consensus clustering then principal-component analysis was performed to obtain ICI scores to quantify the ICI patterns in individual tumors. Kaplan-Meier analysis was employed to validate prognostic value. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was applied for functional annotation. Finally, the mutation data was analyzed by employing "maftools" package.
resultsThree bioinformatics algorithms were used to evaluate the ICI patterns from 538 patients with COAD. Two ICI subtypes were determined using consensus clustering, and the ICI score was constructed by performing principal component analysis. Our findings showed that a higher ICI score often indicated a more advanced tumor and worse prognosis. The high-ICI score subgroup had a higher stromal score and more M0 macrophages but fewer plasma cells and decreased CD8 T cell infiltration. In addition, patients with high ICI scores had significantly higher expression levels of HAVCR2 and PCDC1LG2. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was conducted to determine the prognostic significances of ICI-related genes.
conclusionsIn conclusion, ICI score may be considered as an original and useful indicator for independent prognostic prediction and individual immune-related therapy.
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