Observational studyDrug and alcohol dependence2021
Age of onset of heaviest use of cannabis or alcohol in persons with severe opioid or cocaine use disorders.
Observational study in Drug and alcohol dependence, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Neuroimmune Mechanisms of Opioid Use Disorder and Recovery: Translatability to Human Studies, and Future Research Directions.Neuroscience · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPersons with severe opioid or cocaine use disorders are particularly vulnerable to morbidity and mortality. Heaviest use of mu-opioid receptor agonists and cocaine typically commences in early adulthood and is preceded by substantial adolescent exposure to cannabis and/or alcohol. Little information exists on the age trajectories of exposure to cannabis or alcohol in persons diagnosed with severe opioid or cocaine use disorders, compared to persons diagnosed with other substance use disorders (unrelated to opioids or cocaine).
methodThis observational study had n = 854 volunteers (male = 581, female = 273; ≥18 years of age at the time of interview) and examined the ages of onset of heaviest use of cannabis and alcohol in persons diagnosed by DSM-IV criteria with opioid dependence (OD), both opioid and cocaine dependence (OD + CD) and cocaine dependence (CD). These age trajectory measures were compared to persons with other substance use disorders (primarily cannabis and alcohol use disorders, termed "Any Other Diagnoses").
resultsUnadjusted survival analyses showed persons diagnosed with either OD + CD or CD had earlier onset of heaviest use of cannabis (mean ages of 16.2 and 17.8, respectively) compared to the "Any Other Diagnoses" reference group (mean age = 19.5). A multivariate logistic regression showed that later onset of heaviest use of cannabis was associated with lower odds of being in the OD + CD or CD groups, when compared to the reference group.
conclusionsPersons diagnosed with severe cocaine use disorders or dual opioid and cocaine use disorders exhibit a pattern of heavy and especially early adolescent exposure to cannabis, compared to persons with other substance use disorders.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.