Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34216534›Full record

ReviewJournal of applied microbiology2022

In vitro model systems for exploring oral biofilms: From single-species populations to complex multi-species communities.

Ting L Luo, Michael E Vanek, Carlos Gonzalez-Cabezas, Carl F Marrs, Betsy Foxman, Alexander H Rickard

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of applied microbiology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
24citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

24 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Buprenorphine enhancesJournal of oral microbiology · 2026
    Article
  7. StudyingPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Review
  8. Review
  9. Review
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Biomimic models forFood chemistry: X · 2025
    Review
  14. Characterisation of novelJournal of oral microbiology · 2025
    Article
  15. DynamicAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024
    Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Effects of Tooth Desensitizers onInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Ting L LuoDepartment of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Michael E VanekDepartment of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Carlos Gonzalez-CabezasDepartment of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Carl F MarrsDepartment of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Betsy FoxmanDepartment of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6682-238X
Alexander H RickardDepartment of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5915-4176

Funding

Psychosocial Influences on Rural Children's Oral HealthR01DE014899 · NIDCR · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI FOXMAN, BETSY, MARAZITA, MARY L. · 2002 to 2020
$39.9M
NIDCR NIH HHS R01 DE014899
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Numerous in vitro biofilm model systems are available to study oral biofilms. Over the past several decades, increased understanding of oral biology and advances in technology have facilitated more accurate simulation of intraoral conditions and have allowed for the increased generalizability of in vitro oral biofilm studies. The integration of contemporary systems with confocal microscopy and 16S rRNA community profiling has enhanced the capabilities of in vitro biofilm model systems to quantify biofilm architecture and analyse microbial community composition. In this review, we describe several model systems relevant to modern in vitro oral biofilm studies: the constant depth film fermenter, Sorbarod perfusion system, drip-flow reactor, modified Robbins device, flowcells and microfluidic systems. We highlight how combining these systems with confocal microscopy and community composition analysis tools aids exploration of oral biofilm development under different conditions and in response to antimicrobial/anti-biofilm agents. The review closes with a discussion of future directions for the field of in vitro oral biofilm imaging and analysis.

Indexed as

BiofilmsMicrobiotaAnti-Bacterial AgentsBioreactorsRNA, Ribosomal, 16SAnti-Bacterial AgentsRNA, Ribosomal, 16Sbiofilmsbioinformaticsdisease processesmicrobial physiologymicrobial structure

Identifiers

PMID34216534
PMCPMC10505481

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.