ReviewNature protocols2021
CODEX multiplexed tissue imaging with DNA-conjugated antibodies.
Review in Nature protocols, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06540690 (Comparison of Palatal Wound Healing in Diabetic and Non-diabetic Patients), which is not on this map. Cited by 442 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Comparison of Palatal Wound Healing in Diabetic and Non-diabetic Patients: Controlled Clinical Trial and in Vitro Study
Who cites it
442 citing papers in PubMed.
- Pre-existing systemic immune state and dynamic myeloid remodeling shape response to neoadjuvant PD-L1 blockade.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Trial
- L-RNA aptamer-based CXCL12 inhibition combined with radiotherapy and bevacizumab in newly-diagnosed glioblastoma: expansion of the phase I/II GLORIA trial.Nature communications · 2026Trial
- Immunophenotyping by Spatial Biology.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2027Article
- Reframing cancer therapy through tumor plasticity.Nature cancer · 2026Review
- Near-infrared photochromic miniprotein enables photoacoustic molecular imaging of acute inflammation and intracellular antigens.Nature methods · 2026Article
- 3D Iterative Immunofluorescence Imaging on Whole-Mount Samples.Bio-protocol · 2026Article
- 3D multi-omics tumour atlases: from technology to biology and clinical translation.Nature reviews. Cancer · 2026Review
- Multiscale harmonization, semantic integration, and immersive exploration of single-cell data in support of novel biological insights.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Melanoma evolution in the lymph node shapes systemic outcomes.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Emerging technologies in the spatial proteomics landscape.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2026Review
- Tumor-infiltrating plasma cell profiling after PD-1 blockade reveals tumor-specific antibodies.Cancer cell · 2026Article
- The spatial architecture of tumor immunity: Emerging predictive biomarkers across cancer.Immunologic research · 2026Review
- Spatial Logic and Evolutionary Innovation in Human Placentation.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Neutrophils in cancer.Nature reviews. Cancer · 2026Review
- A multiplex tissue resource for high-resolution spatial protein profiling in the Human Protein Atlas.Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society · 2026Article
- Failure of morphogenesis in chronic inflammation-associated early tumourigenesis: Extracellular matrix biomechanics as an integrative layer.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2026Review
- Spatial analysis of head and neck cancer identifies two ecosystems with distinct modes of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition.Nature genetics · 2026Article
- PASTA: versatile tyramide-oligonucleotide amplification for multimodal spatial biology.Nature methods · 2026Article
- Spatial and Temporal Heterogeneity of Macrophage Efferocytosis in Tumors: Emerging Implications for Immunotherapy Biomarkers and Therapeutic Timing.Cancer medicine · 2026Review
- Integration of imaging-based and sequencing-based spatial omics mapping on the same tissue section via DBiTplus.Nature methods · 2026Article
382 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Advances in multiplexed imaging technologies have drastically improved our ability to characterize healthy and diseased tissues at the single-cell level. Co-detection by indexing (CODEX) relies on DNA-conjugated antibodies and the cyclic addition and removal of complementary fluorescently labeled DNA probes and has been used so far to simultaneously visualize up to 60 markers in situ. CODEX enables a deep view into the single-cell spatial relationships in tissues and is intended to spur discovery in developmental biology, disease and therapeutic design. Herein, we provide optimized protocols for conjugating purified antibodies to DNA oligonucleotides, validating the conjugation by CODEX staining and executing the CODEX multicycle imaging procedure for both formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) and fresh-frozen tissues. In addition, we describe basic image processing and data analysis procedures. We apply this approach to an FFPE human tonsil multicycle experiment. The hands-on experimental time for antibody conjugation is ~4.5 h, validation of DNA-conjugated antibodies with CODEX staining takes ~6.5 h and preparation for a CODEX multicycle experiment takes ~8 h. The multicycle imaging and data analysis time depends on the tissue size, number of markers in the panel and computational complexity.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.