Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34215240›Full record

ArticleBMC complementary medicine and therapies2021

Chitosan nanoparticles containing limonene and limonene-rich essential oils: potential phytotherapy agents for the treatment of melanoma and breast cancers.

Hiva Alipanah, Mojtaba Farjam, Elham Zarenezhad, Ghazaal Roozitalab, Mahmoud Osanloo

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC complementary medicine and therapies, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
31citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

31 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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  8. Applications of Limonene in Neoplasms and Non-Neoplastic Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Review
  9. Kinetic Study ofPolymers · 2025
    Article
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  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. Antitumor components and mechanisms ofFrontiers in pharmacology · 2025
    Review
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  16. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Hiva AlipanahDepartment of Physiology, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.
Mojtaba FarjamNoncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.
Elham ZarenezhadNoncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.
Ghazaal RoozitalabNoncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.
Mahmoud OsanlooDepartment of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran. m.osanloo@fums.ac.ir.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1190-6874

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMelanoma and breast cancers are two common cancers worldwide. Due to the side effects of chemotherapy drugs and the occurring resistance against them, the development of green drugs has been received more attention.

methodsThe anticancer effects of three essential oils from the Citrus family and their identified major constituents (limonene) were first investigated against melanoma and breast cancer cell lines (A-375 and MDA-MB-468). By preparing chitosan nanoparticles containing them, an attempt was then made to improve their effectiveness.

resultsChitosan nanoparticles containing Citrus sinensis and Citrus limon essential oils with IC

conclusionThe prepared formulations could thus be considered as green anticancer agents in complementary medicine and therapies.

Indexed as

CitrusPhytotherapyAntineoplastic Agents, PhytogenicBreast NeoplasmsCell Line, TumorChitosanDrug Delivery SystemsFemaleHumansLimoneneMelanomaNanoparticlesAntineoplastic Agents, PhytogenicChitosanLimoneneCitrusCytostatic agentsPhytochemicalsSkin neoplasmsTriple negative breast neoplasms

Identifiers

PMID34215240
PMCPMC8254332

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.