ArticleDrug testing and analysis2021
Effects of the administration of miconazole by different routes on the biomarkers of the "steroidal module" of the Athlete Biological Passport.
Article in Drug testing and analysis, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Adulteration of Sports Supplements with Anabolic Steroids-From Innocent Athlete to Vicious Cheater.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Characterization of Drug with Good Glass-Forming Ability Loaded Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles and Its Impact Toward in vitro and in vivo Studies.International journal of nanomedicine · 2024Review
- Effects of the administration of miconazole by different routes on the biomarkers of the "steroidal module" of the Athlete Biological Passport.Drug testing and analysis · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
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Abstract
This article reports the results obtained from the investigation of the influence of miconazole administration on the physiological fluctuation of the markers of the steroid profile included in the "steroidal module" of the Athlete Biological Passport. Urines collected from male Caucasian subjects before, during, and after either systemic (i.e., oral and buccal) or topical (i.e., dermal) treatment with miconazole were analyzed according to validated procedures based on gas chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) (to determine the markers of the steroid profile) or liquid chromatography coupled to MS/MS (LC-MS/MS) (to determine miconazole urinary levels). The results indicate that only after systemic administration, the markers of the steroid profile were significantly altered. After oral and buccal administration, we have registered (i) a significant increase of the 5α-androstane-3α,17β-diol/5β-androstane-3α,17β-diol ratio and (ii) a significant decrease of the concentration of androsterone, etiocholanolone, 5β-androstane-3α,17β-diol, and 5α-androstane-3α,17β-diol and of the androsterone/etiocholanolone, androsterone/testosterone, and 5α-androstane-3α,17β-diol/epitestosterone ratios. Limited effects were instead measured after dermal intake. Indeed, the levels of miconazole after systemic administration were in the range of 0.1-12.5 μg/ml, whereas after dermal administration were below the limit of quantification (50 ng/ml). Significant alteration started to be registered at concentrations of miconazole higher than 0.5 μg/ml. These findings were primarily explained by the ability of miconazole in altering the kinetic/efficacy of deglucuronidation of the endogenous steroids by the enzyme β-glucuronidase during the sample preparation process. The increase of both incubation time and amount of β-glucuronidase was demonstrated to be effective countermeasures in the presence of miconazole to reduce the risk of uncorrected interpretation of the results.
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