ReviewFrontiers in chemistry2021
Protein Motifs for Proton Transfers That Build the Transmembrane Proton Gradient.
Review in Frontiers in chemistry, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- The Protonic Brain: Nanoscale pH Dynamics, Proton Wires, and Acid-Base Information Coding in Neural Tissue.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Proton Transfer through a Charged Conduit in Respiratory Complex I: Long-Range Effects and Conformational Gating.Journal of chemical information and modeling · 2025Article
- Flexibility and Hydration of the QJournal of chemical information and modeling · 2025Article
- Proton Conduction in Zirconium-Based Metal-Organic Frameworks for Advanced Applications.ACS applied electronic materials · 2025Review
- Contribution of Protonation to the Dielectric Relaxation Arising from Bacteriopheophytin Reductions in the Photosynthetic Reaction Centers ofBiomolecules · 2024Article
- Role of Protonation States in the Stability of Molecular Dynamics Simulations of High-Resolution Membrane Protein Structures.The journal of physical chemistry. B · 2024Article
- Role of hydrogen-bond networks on the donor side of photosynthetic reaction centers from purple bacteria.Biophysical reviews · 2023Review
- Transient water wires mediate selective proton transport in designed channel proteins.Nature chemistry · 2023Article
- Tools for analyzing protonation states and for tracing proton transfer pathways with examples from the Rb. sphaeroides photosynthetic reaction centers.Photosynthesis research · 2023Article
- Proton transfer reactions: From photochemistry to biochemistry and bioenergetics.BBA advances · 2023Article
- Common Mechanism of Activated Catalysis in P-loop Fold Nucleoside Triphosphatases-United in Diversity.Biomolecules · 2022Article
- Characterizing Protein Protonation Microstates Using Monte Carlo Sampling.The journal of physical chemistry. B · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Biological membranes are barriers to polar molecules, so membrane embedded proteins control the transfers between cellular compartments. Protein controlled transport moves substrates and activates cellular signaling cascades. In addition, the electrochemical gradient across mitochondrial, bacterial and chloroplast membranes, is a key source of stored cellular energy. This is generated by electron, proton and ion transfers through proteins. The gradient is used to fuel ATP synthesis and to drive active transport. Here the mechanisms by which protons move into the buried active sites of Photosystem II (PSII), bacterial RCs (bRCs) and through the proton pumps, Bacteriorhodopsin (bR), Complex I and Cytochrome c oxidase (CcO), are reviewed. These proteins all use water filled proton transfer paths. The proton pumps, that move protons uphill from low to high concentration compartments, also utilize Proton Loading Sites (PLS), that transiently load and unload protons and gates, which block backflow of protons. PLS and gates should be synchronized so PLS proton affinity is high when the gate opens to the side with few protons and low when the path is open to the high concentration side. Proton transfer paths in the proteins we describe have different design features. Linear paths are seen with a unique entry and exit and a relatively straight path between them. Alternatively, paths can be complex with a tangle of possible routes. Likewise, PLS can be a single residue that changes protonation state or a cluster of residues with multiple charge and tautomer states.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.