Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34211470›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in immunology2021

Synovial Macrophages in Osteoarthritis: The Key to Understanding Pathogenesis?

Amanda Thomson, Catharien M U Hilkens

Registry-linked trialAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06267053 (Investigation of the Relationship Between Vitamin B12, Folic Acid and 25 OH D Levels and Radiologic Stage in Knee Osteoarthritis), which is not on this map. Cited by 91 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
91citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT06267053 completednot on this mapstarted 2023, after this paper: background citation

Investigation of the Relationship Between Vitamin B12, Folic Acid and 25 OH D Levels and Radiologic Stage in Knee Osteoarthritis

TypeobservationalSponsorBakirkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Research and Training HospitalRan2023 to 2024Enrolled104ConditionsKnee OsteoarthritisArmsDirect digital radiography, 25-OH Vitamin D, Vitamin B12, Folic acid
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

91 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pathogenesis of osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and hemophilic arthropathy: The role of angiogenesis.Haemophilia : the official journal of the World Federation of Hemophilia · 2024
    Pooled it
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  15. Pro-resolving Annexin A1-derived peptide Ac2-26 reduces nociception and mitigates joint damage in experimental osteoarthritis.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2026
    Article
  16. Article
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  18. Review
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  20. How Selective are Nanomaterials to Treat Osteoarthritis.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026
    Review

31 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Amanda ThomsonImmunotherapy Research Group, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
Catharien M U HilkensImmunotherapy Research Group, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Effective treatment of osteoarthritis (OA) remains a huge clinical challenge despite major research efforts. Different tissues and cell-types within the joint contribute to disease pathogenesis, and there is great heterogeneity between patients in terms of clinical features, genetic characteristics and responses to treatment. Inflammation and the most abundant immune cell type within the joint, macrophages, have now been recognised as possible players in disease development and progression. Here we discuss recent findings on the involvement of synovial inflammation and particularly the role of synovial macrophages in OA pathogenesis. Understanding macrophage involvement may hold the key for improved OA treatments.

Indexed as

Disease SusceptibilityAnimalsBiomarkersCartilageCell PlasticityHumansJoint CapsuleMacrophage ActivationMacrophagesOsteoarthritisBiomarkersinflammationmacrophage subsetsosteoarthritispathogenesissynovial tissue

Identifiers

PMID34211470
PMCPMC8239355

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.