Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34211456›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in immunology2021

Increase of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps, Mitochondrial DNA and Nuclear DNA in Newly Diagnosed Type 1 Diabetes Children but Not in High-Risk Children.

Camilla Skoglund, Daniel Appelgren, Ingela Johansson, Rosaura Casas, Johnny Ludvigsson

Open access · goldAbstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed
1.3field-weighted citation impact, top 21% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. The Immunogenic Role of Self-DNA in T Cell Immunity.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2025
    Review
  4. Article
  5. NETs: a new target for autoimmune disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2025
    Review
  6. Neutrophil extracellular traps in homeostasis and disease.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2024
    Review
  7. Review
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Camilla SkoglundDepartment of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
Daniel AppelgrenDepartment of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
Ingela JohanssonDepartment of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
Rosaura CasasDepartment of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
Johnny LudvigssonDepartment of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
Linköping University · SE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) are inflammatory mediators involved in the development of type 1 diabetes (T1D). Pancreas-infiltrating neutrophils can release NETs, contributing to the inflammatory process. Levels of NETs are increased in serum from patients with T1D and mtDNA is increased in adult T1D patients. Our aim was to investigate extracellular DNA (NETs, mtDNA and nuclear DNA) in children with newly diagnosed T1D and in children at high risk of the disease. We also elucidated if extracellular DNA short after diagnosis could predict loss of endogenous insulin production. Samples were analysed for mtDNA and nuclear DNA using droplet digital PCR and NETs were assessed by a NET-remnants ELISA. In addition,

Indexed as

AdolescentAge FactorsAutoantibodiesBiomarkersCase-Control StudiesCell NucleusChildDiabetes Mellitus, Type 1DNADNA, MitochondrialExtracellular TrapsFemaleHumansLongitudinal StudiesMaleRisk AssessmentAutoantibodiesBiomarkersDNADNA, Mitochondrialinflammationmitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs)nuclear DNA (nDNA)T1D high-risktype 1 diabetes (T1D)

Identifiers

PMID34211456
PMCPMC8239297
OpenAlexW3167204246

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.