ArticleNature ecology & evolution2021
The rise and fall of proboscidean ecological diversity.
Article in Nature ecology & evolution, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Fossil record biases skew inferences of mammal trait evolution.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Lower speciation, not higher extinction, drove African megaherbivore diversity collapse.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Six million years of vole dental evolution shaped by tooth development.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Two major ecological shifts shaped 60 million years of ungulate faunal evolution.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Trait-mediated speciation and human-driven extinctions in proboscideans revealed by unsupervised Bayesian neural networks.Science advances · 2024Article
- Article
- DeepDive: estimating global biodiversity patterns through time using deep learning.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Ecology of Endozoicomonadaceae in three coral genera across the Pacific Ocean.Nature communications · 2023Article
- The early diversification of ray-finned fishes (Actinopterygii): hypotheses, challenges and future prospects.Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society · 2023Article
- Short-term paleogeographic reorganizations and climate events shaped diversification of North American freshwater gastropods over deep time.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Wandering mastodons reveal the complexity of Ice Age extinctions.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022Article
- Onset of Late Cretaceous diversification in Europe's freshwater gastropod fauna links to global climatic and biotic events.Scientific reports · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Proboscideans were keystone Cenozoic megaherbivores and present a highly relevant case study to frame the timing and magnitude of recent megafauna extinctions against long-term macroevolutionary patterns. By surveying the entire proboscidean fossil history using model-based approaches, we show that the dramatic Miocene explosion of proboscidean functional diversity was triggered by their biogeographical expansion beyond Africa. Ecomorphological innovations drove niche differentiation; communities that accommodated several disparate proboscidean species in sympatry became commonplace. The first burst of extinctions took place in the late Miocene, approximately 7 million years ago (Ma). Importantly, this and subsequent extinction trends showed high ecomorphological selectivity and went hand in hand with palaeoclimate dynamics. The global extirpation of proboscideans began escalating from 3 Ma with further extinctions in Eurasia and then a dramatic increase in African extinctions at 2.4 Ma. Overhunting by humans may have served as a final double jeopardy in the late Pleistocene after climate-triggered extinction trends that began long before hominins evolved suitable hunting capabilities.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.