ArticleBMC public health2021
Content analysis of digital media coverage of the human papillomavirus vaccine school-entry requirement policy in Puerto Rico.
Article in BMC public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficient information extraction using LLMs and knowledge distillation: A study on HPV health communication.PLOS digital health · 2026Article
- Public policy on Human Papillomavirus immunization: an analysis based on the Walt and Gilson policy triangle.Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da U S P · 2026Article
- A content analysis of religion and HPV vaccine news coverage in Canada.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Article
- Policy texts and actions: quantitative evaluation of the hierarchical medical system policy in China based on the PMC-Index model.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Medical students' knowledge about human papillomavirus (HPV), HPV vaccine and head and neck cancer.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2024Article
- Attitudes towards HPV and COVID school-entry policies among adults living in Puerto Rico.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2023Article
- Epidemiology of Cervical Cancer in the Caribbean.Cureus · 2023Review
- Media Data and Vaccine Hesitancy: Scoping Review.JMIR infodemiologyArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIn August 2018, Puerto Rico (PR) became the 4th state or territory in the United States to adopt a human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine school-entry requirement, for students 11-12 years old. Evidence suggests that the content of media coverage may impact people's perception of HPV vaccine and their willingness to vaccinate. This study aimed to analyze the content of digital news coverage related to the implementation of the policy in PR.
methodsA content review was conducted of digital media published from January 2017 through December 2018. The content reviewed was carried out in two steps: 1) creating a matrix to summarize each article's content about the policy and 2) qualitative analysis using a grounded theory approach.
resultsThe search resulted in 34 articles obtained from 17 online local and international news outlets that reported the policy's implementation. Analyses showed that 61% of the news articles did not mention the number of required doses, and 79% discussed the new policy concerning cancer prevention. In 2017, news coverage focused mostly on describing the policy, while 2018 coverage focused on controversies surrounding the implementation. Neutral emergent codes included: 1) Description of the policy; 2) Information about HPV related cancers; and 3) General information about HPV vaccine. Negative emergent codes included: 1) infringement to patient and parental autonomy; 2) Hesitancy from the political sector, and 3) Hesitancy from groups and coalitions. Positive content included: 1) knowledge and acceptance of HPV vaccine for cancer prevention; 2) importance of education and protective sexual behaviors; and 3) new vaccination law proposal.
conclusionsMost of the media coverage in PR was neutral and included limited information related to the vaccine, HPV, and HPV-related cancers. Neutral and negative themes could influence public concerns regarding the new policy, as well as HPV vaccination rates in PR.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.