ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2021
Exposure to 16 Hz Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields Protect the Structural Integrity of Primary Cilia and Associated TGF-β Signaling in Osteoprogenitor Cells Harmed by Cigarette Smoke.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05920746 (Type of Magnetic Field and the Effects of Rheumatoid Arthritis Treatment), which is not on this map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Type of Magnetic Field and the Effects of Rheumatoid Arthritis Treatment
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Efficacy of Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields on Pain, Stiffness, and Physical Function in Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Pain research & management · 2022Pooled it
- The effects and mechanisms of electromagnetic fields on bone remodeling: From clinical to laboratory.Journal of orthopaedic translation · 2025Review
- Low frequency sinusoidal electromagnetic fields promote the osteogenic differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells by modulating miR-34b-5p/STAC2.Communications biology · 2024Article
- Positive and Negative Effects of Administering a Magnetic Field to Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA).Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Multifunctionally disordered TiOTheranostics · 2024Article
- Energizing Healing with Electromagnetic Field Therapy in Musculoskeletal Disorders.Journal of orthopaedics and sports medicine · 2024Article
- NET Formation Was Reduced via Exposure to Extremely Low-Frequency Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Intermittent Exposure to a 16 Hz Extremely Low Frequency Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Promotes Osteogenesis In Vitro through Activating Piezo 1-Induced CaJournal of functional biomaterials · 2023Article
- Harnessing electromagnetic fields to assist bone tissue engineering.Stem cell research & therapy · 2023Review
- Microcurrent Reverses Cigarette Smoke-Induced Angiogenesis Impairment in Human Keratinocytes In Vitro.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Tumor Treating Fields Suppression of Ciliogenesis Enhances Temozolomide Toxicity.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Article
- Modulation of Macrophage Activity by Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields in the Context of Fracture Healing.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cigarette smoking (CS) is one of the main factors related to avoidable diseases and death across the world. Cigarette smoke consists of numerous toxic compounds that contribute to the development of osteoporosis and fracture nonunion. Exposure to pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) was proven to be a safe and effective therapy to support bone fracture healing. The aims of this study were to investigate if extremely low frequency (ELF-) PEMFs may be beneficial to treat CS-related bone disease, and which effect the duration of the exposure has. In this study, immortalized human mesenchymal stem cells (SCP-1 cells) impaired by 5% cigarette smoke extract (CSE) were exposed to ELF-PEMFs (16 Hz) with daily exposure ranging from 7 min to 90 min. Cell viability, adhesion, and spreading were evaluated by Sulforhodamine B, Calcein-AM staining, and Phalloidin-TRITC/Hoechst 33342 staining. A migration assay kit was used to determine cell migration. Changes in TGF-β signaling were evaluated with an adenoviral Smad2/3 reporter assay, RT-PCR, and Western blot. The structure and distribution of primary cilia were analyzed with immunofluorescent staining. Our data indicate that 30 min daily exposure to a specific ELF-PEMF most effectively promoted cell viability, enhanced cell adhesion and spreading, accelerated migration, and protected TGF-β signaling from CSE-induced harm. In summary, the current results provide evidence that ELF-PEMF can be used to support early bone healing in patients who smoke.
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Registered trials
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