ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2021
Immune Aging and Immunotherapy in Cancer.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 69 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cellular Senescence and Immunosenescence in Melanoma: Insights From the Tumor Microenvironment.Cancer medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Management of immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated toxicities in older adults with cancer: recommendations from the International Society of Geriatric Oncology (SIOG).The Lancet. Oncology · 2025Guideline
- Age as a biological stratifier for immune checkpoint inhibitor response in ovarian cancer.Research square · 2026Article
- [Appropriate Duration of First-line Immunotherapy for Advanced NSCLC and Predictive Factors].Zhongguo fei ai za zhi = Chinese journal of lung cancer · 2026Review
- Aging reshapes the osteosarcoma ecosystem through immune dysfunction and tumor cell reprogramming.Cellular oncology (Dordrecht, Netherlands) · 2026Article
- Signaling pathways and targeted interventions for precancers.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Conquering aging-related immunosenescence and tumor immune escape.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Immunosenescence in prostate cancer: from aging-related immune dysfunction to therapeutic opportunities.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- SLy1-deficiency results in functional impaired, exhausted and senescent NK cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Immunosenescence and cancer: molecular hallmarks, tumor microenvironment remodeling, and age-specific immunotherapy challenges.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2025Review
- Vitamin D, Gut Microbiota, and Cancer Immunotherapy-A Potentially Effective Crosstalk.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Immunological biomarkers of aging.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2025Review
- Age-related divergence of circulating immune responses in patients with solid tumors treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Global, regional, and national burden of neuroblastoma and peripheral nervous system tumours in individuals aged over 60 from 1990 to 2021: a trend analysis of global burden of disease study.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2025Article
- Harnessing TAGAP to improve immunotherapy for lung squamous carcinoma treatment by targeting c-Rel in CD4+ T cells.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2025Article
- Ceramide Complex Ameliorates Metabolically Driven Neutrophil Senescence by Regulating Apoptosis via the cGAS-STING Pathway.International journal of medical sciences · 2025Article
- Prognostic Features and Potential for Immune Therapy in Metastatic Mismatch Repair-Deficient Colorectal Cancer: A Retrospective Analysis of a Large Consecutive Population-Based Patient Series.Cancer medicine · 2025Article
- Blood based immune biomarkers associated with clinical frailty scale in older patients with melanoma receiving checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2024Article
- Outcomes of Older Primary Kidney Transplant Recipients by Induction Agent and High-risk Viral Discordance Status in the United States.Transplantation direct · 2024Article
- Pediatric glioma immune profiling identifies TIM3 as a therapeutic target in BRAF fusion pilocytic astrocytoma.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Immune functions decline as we age, while the incidence of cancer rises. The advent of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has not only revolutionized cancer therapy, but also spawned great interest in identifying predictive biomarkers, since only one third of patients show treatment response. The aging process extensively affects the adaptive immune system and thus T cells, which are the main target of ICB. In this review, we address age-related changes regarding the adaptive immune system with a focus on T cells and their implication on carcinogenesis and ICB. Differences between senescence, exhaustion, and anergy are defined and current knowledge, treatment strategies, and studies exploring T cell aging as a biomarker for ICB are discussed. Finally, novel approaches to improve immunotherapies and to identify biomarkers of response to ICB are presented and their potential is assessed in a comparative analysis.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.