ArticlePharmaceutics2021
A Quantitative Pharmacology Model of Exosome-Mediated Drug Efflux and Perturbation-Induced Synergy.
Article in Pharmaceutics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Ceramide: a pivotal lipid mediator shaping female reproductive homeostasis and pathophysiology.Journal of ovarian research · 2026Review
- The role of small extracellular vesicles in ovarian cancer drug resistance: from bench clues to clinical implications.Journal of ovarian research · 2026Review
- Model-Informed Drug Development: Addressing the Critical Need for Training in the Promising New Field.Delaware journal of public health · 2026Article
- Advancing Extracellular Vesicle Research: A Review of Systems Biology and Multiomics Perspectives.Proteomics · 2026Review
- Exosome-Mediated Chemoresistance in Cancers: Mechanisms, Therapeutic Implications, and Future Directions.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Extracellular Vesicles as Mediators and Potential Targets in Combating Cancer Drug Resistance.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Subcellular Drug Distribution: Exploring Organelle-Specific Characteristics for Enhanced Therapeutic Efficacy.Pharmaceutics · 2024Review
- In-Cell Testing of Zinc-Dependent Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors in the Presence of Class-Selective Fluorogenic Substrates: Potential and Limitations of the Method.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- The Role of the Tumor Microenvironment in Triple-Positive Breast Cancer Progression and Therapeutic Resistance.Cancers · 2023Review
- Review
- Extracellular Vesicles in Breast Cancer: From Biology and Function to Clinical Diagnosis and Therapeutic Management.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Advances in Exosomes as Diagnostic and Therapeutic Biomarkers for Gynaecological Malignancies.Cancers · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Exosomes, naturally occurring vesicles secreted by cells, are undergoing development as drug carriers. We used experimental and computational studies to investigate the kinetics of intracellular exosome processing and exosome-mediated drug efflux and the effects of exosome inhibition. The experiments used four human-breast or ovarian cancer cells, a cytotoxic drug paclitaxel (PTX), two exosome inhibitors (omeprazole (OME), which inhibits exosome release, and GW4869 (GW), which inhibits synthesis of sphingolipid ceramide required for exosome formation), LC-MS/MS analysis of PTX levels in exosomes, and confocal microscopic study of endocytic transport (monitored using fluorescent nanoparticles and endocytic organelle markers). In all four cells, exosome production was enhanced by PTX but diminished by OME or GW (
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.