Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34209138›Full record

ReviewNutrients2021

Challenges of Monitoring the Gluten-Free Diet Adherence in the Management and Follow-Up of Patients with Celiac Disease.

Herbert Wieser, Ángela Ruiz-Carnicer, Verónica Segura, Isabel Comino, Carolina Sousa

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Nutrients, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 57 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
57citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
10.2field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

57 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 93 citations in OpenAlex.

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  5. 'It's not just about food': Living with celiac disease as a woman.International journal for equity in health · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Herbert WieserDepartment of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain.
Ángela Ruiz-CarnicerDepartment of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-7100-846X
Verónica SeguraDepartment of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain.ORCID 0000-0001-9600-8979
Isabel CominoDepartment of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-4982-273X
Carolina SousaDepartment of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain.
Universidad de Sevilla · ES

Funding

Ministry of Economy, Knowledge, Business and University (project AT17_5489_USE) PAIDI 2020: Knowledge Transfer Ac-tivities and Fundación Progreso y Salud, Consejería de Salud, Junta de Andalucía (project PI-0053-2018). AT17_5489_USE; PI-0053-2018
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic gluten-responsive immune mediated enteropathy and is treated with a gluten-free diet (GFD). However, a strict diet for life is not easy due to the ubiquitous nature of gluten. This review aims at examining available evidence on the degree of adherence to a GFD, the methods to assess it, and the barriers to its implementation. The methods for monitoring the adherence to a GFD are comprised of a dietary questionnaire, celiac serology, or clinical symptoms; however, none of these methods generate either a direct or an accurate measure of dietary adherence. A promising advancement is the development of tests that measure gluten immunogenic peptides in stools and urine. Causes of adherence/non-adherence to a GFD are numerous and multifactorial. Inadvertent dietary non-adherence is more frequent than intentional non-adherence. Cross-contamination of gluten-free products with gluten is a major cause of inadvertent non-adherence, while the limited availability, high costs, and poor quality of certified gluten-free products are responsible for intentionally breaking a GFD. Therefore, several studies in the last decade have indicated that many patients with CD who follow a GFD still have difficulty controlling their diet and, therefore, regularly consume enough gluten to trigger symptoms and damage the small intestine.

Indexed as

Diet, Gluten-FreePatient ComplianceCeliac DiseaseFollow-Up StudiesHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeHumansRisk Factorsceliac diseasedietary adherencegluten-free dietpatients with CDsymptoms

Identifiers

PMID34209138
PMCPMC8308436
OpenAlexW3176289549

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.