Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34208575›Full record

ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2021

Brain Disposition of Antibody-Based Therapeutics: Dogma, Approaches and Perspectives.

Aida Kouhi, Vyshnavi Pachipulusu, Talya Kapenstein, Peisheng Hu, Alan L Epstein, Leslie A Khawli

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 69 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
69citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

69 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
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  9. bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
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9 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Aida KouhiDepartment of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
Vyshnavi PachipulusuDepartment of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
Talya KapensteinDepartment of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
Peisheng HuDepartment of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
Alan L EpsteinDepartment of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
Leslie A KhawliDepartment of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7346-2818

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Due to their high specificity, monoclonal antibodies have been widely investigated for their application in drug delivery to the central nervous system (CNS) for the treatment of neurological diseases such as stroke, Alzheimer's, and Parkinson's disease. Research in the past few decades has revealed that one of the biggest challenges in the development of antibodies for drug delivery to the CNS is the presence of blood-brain barrier (BBB), which acts to restrict drug delivery and contributes to the limited uptake (0.1-0.2% of injected dose) of circulating antibodies into the brain. This article reviews the various methods currently used for antibody delivery to the CNS at the preclinical stage of development and the underlying mechanisms of BBB penetration. It also describes efforts to improve or modulate the physicochemical and biochemical properties of antibodies (e.g., charge, Fc receptor binding affinity, and target affinity), to adapt their pharmacokinetics (PK), and to influence their distribution and disposition into the brain. Finally, a distinction is made between approaches that seek to modify BBB permeability and those that use a physiological approach or antibody engineering to increase uptake in the CNS. Although there are currently inherent difficulties in developing safe and efficacious antibodies that will cross the BBB, the future prospects of brain-targeted delivery of antibody-based agents are believed to be excellent.

Indexed as

AnimalsAntibodiesAntibodies, MonoclonalBiological TransportBlood-Brain BarrierBrainDrug Administration RoutesHumansImmunoconjugatesPermeabilityProtein AggregatesProtein Aggregation, PathologicalProtein EngineeringTissue DistributionAntibodiesAntibodies, MonoclonalImmunoconjugatesProtein Aggregatesantibodybiochemical and physicochemical propertiesblood–brain barrierbrain shuttledispositionFc bindingmolecular Trojan horsepharmacokineticsreceptor-mediated transcytosistransferrin

Identifiers

PMID34208575
PMCPMC8235515

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.