Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34208420›Full record

ArticleSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2021

Texture Analysis of Dried Droplets for the Quality Control of Medicines.

Yojana J P Carreón, Orlando Díaz-Hernández, Gerardo J Escalera Santos, Ivan Cipriano-Urbano, Francisco J Solorio-Ordaz, Jorge González-Gutiérrez, Roberto Zenit

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Patterns in Dried Droplets to Detect Unfolded BSA.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Yojana J P CarreónFacultad de Ciencias en Física y Matemáticas, Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas 29050, Mexico.
Orlando Díaz-HernándezFacultad de Ciencias en Física y Matemáticas, Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas 29050, Mexico.ORCID 0000-0003-1683-5240
Gerardo J Escalera SantosFacultad de Ciencias en Física y Matemáticas, Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas 29050, Mexico.
Ivan Cipriano-UrbanoEscuela de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, Piedras Negras, Coahuila 26090, Mexico.ORCID 0000-0001-5169-4805
Francisco J Solorio-OrdazDepartamento de Termofluidos, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Universidad 3000, México D.F. 04510, Mexico.
Jorge González-GutiérrezFacultad de Ciencias en Física y Matemáticas, Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas 29050, Mexico.
Roberto ZenitCenter for Fluid Mechanics, School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2717-4954

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The quality control of medicines guarantees the effectiveness of treatments for diseases. We explore the use of texture analysis of patterns in dried droplets as a tool to readily detect both impurities and changes in drug concentration. Four types of medicines associated with different routes of administration were analyzed: Methotrexate, Ciprofloxacin, Clonazepam, and Budesonide. We use NaCl and a hot substrate at 63 ∘C to promote aggregate formation and to reduce droplet drying time. Depending on the medicine, optical microscopy reveals different complex aggregates such as circular to oval splatters, fern-like islands, crown shapes, crown needle-like and bump-like patterns as well as dendritic branched and star-like crystals. We use some physical features of the stains (as the stain diameter and superficial area) and gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) to characterize patterns of dried droplets. Finally, we show that structural analysis of stains can achieve 95% accuracy in identifying medicines with 30% water dilution, while it achieves 99% accuracy in detecting drugs with 10% other substances.

Indexed as

Pharmaceutical PreparationsSodium ChlorideDesiccationQuality ControlWaterPharmaceutical PreparationsSodium ChlorideWaterdried dropletsmedicines texture analysisquality control

Identifiers

PMID34208420
PMCPMC8231125

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.