ArticleCancers2021
CART
Article in Cancers, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 67 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dose fractionation of CAR-T cells. A systematic review of clinical outcomes.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2023Pooled it
- Dynamic estimation of metabolic state during CAR T cell production.Cell reports methods · 2026Article
- A framework integrating multiscale in silico modeling and experimental data predicts CAR-NK cell cytotoxicity across target cell types.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- A Pharmacologic Model Predicts that Tumor Debulking Improves CAR T-cell Efficacy in Large B-cell Lymphoma.Blood cancer discovery · 2026Article
- Foundational Principles for the Quantitative Translation of T-Cell Therapeutics for Hematologic Malignancies and Immunology.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2026Review
- JNK knockdown enhances CAR-T cell cytotoxicity through elevated NFATc1-dependent transcription in preclinical ovarian cancer models.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Article
- Analysing the Structural Identifiability and Observability of Mechanistic Models of Tumour Growth.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Design specifications for biomedical virtual twins in engineered adoptive cellular immunotherapies.NPJ digital medicine · 2025Review
- Modernizing Preclinical Drug Development: The Role of New Approach Methodologies.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2025Review
- Spatiotemporal dynamics of tumor-CAR T-cell interaction following local administration in solid cancers.PLoS computational biology · 2025Article
- Tumor Growth, Proliferation and Diffusion in Osteosarcoma.Acta biotheoretica · 2025Article
- Computational modelling of CAR T-cell therapy: from cellular kinetics to patient-level predictions.EBioMedicine · 2025Review
- Mathematical Model of CAR T-Cell Therapy for a B-Cell Lymphoma Lymph Node.Bulletin of mathematical biology · 2025Article
- Mathematical models and computational approaches in CAR-T therapeutics.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Rapidly Manufactured CAR-T with Conserved Cell Stemness and Distinctive Cytokine-Secreting Profile Shows Improved Anti-Tumor Efficacy.Vaccines · 2024Article
- Mathematical modeling insights into improving CAR T cell therapy for solid tumors with bystander effects.NPJ systems biology and applications · 2024Article
- Article
- Finding potential targets in cell-based immunotherapy for handling the challenges of acute myeloid leukemia.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- A systems and computational biology perspective on advancing CAR therapy.Seminars in cancer biology · 2023Review
- Data-driven spatio-temporal modelling of glioblastoma.Royal Society open science · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Immunotherapy has gained great momentum with chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) therapy, in which patient's T lymphocytes are genetically manipulated to recognize tumor-specific antigens, increasing tumor elimination efficiency. In recent years, CAR-T cell immunotherapy for hematological malignancies achieved a great response rate in patients and is a very promising therapy for several other malignancies. Each new CAR design requires a preclinical proof-of-concept experiment using immunodeficient mouse models. The absence of a functional immune system in these mice makes them simple and suitable for use as mathematical models. In this work, we develop a three-population mathematical model to describe tumor response to CAR-T cell immunotherapy in immunodeficient mouse models, encompassing interactions between a non-solid tumor and CAR-T cells (effector and long-term memory). We account for several phenomena, such as tumor-induced immunosuppression, memory pool formation, and conversion of memory into effector CAR-T cells in the presence of new tumor cells. Individual donor and tumor specificities are considered uncertainties in the model parameters. Our model is able to reproduce several CAR-T cell immunotherapy scenarios, with different CAR receptors and tumor targets reported in the literature. We found that therapy effectiveness mostly depends on specific parameters such as the differentiation of effector to memory CAR-T cells, CAR-T cytotoxic capacity, tumor growth rate, and tumor-induced immunosuppression. In summary, our model can contribute to reducing and optimizing the number of in vivo experiments with in silico tests to select specific scenarios that could be tested in experimental research. Such an in silico laboratory is an easy-to-run open-source simulator, built on a Shiny R-based platform called CART
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.