ReviewViruses2021
Oncolytic Virotherapy Treatment of Breast Cancer: Barriers and Recent Advances.
Review in Viruses, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Physical Exercise in Immunotherapy.Sports medicine - open · 2026Review
- Salmonella vector creates de novo parvovirus that reduces solid tumors and forms antitumor immune memory.Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Article
- Harnessing pyroptosis in breast cancer therapy: immunological mechanisms and emerging biomaterial strategies.Cell death discovery · 2026Review
- Resistance to oncolytic virotherapy: Multidimensional mechanisms and therapeutic breakthroughs (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2025Review
- Empowering hypoxia to convert cold tumors into hot tumors for breast cancer immunotherapy.Cell death discovery · 2025Review
- Genetic advancements in breast cancer treatment: a review.Discover oncology · 2025Review
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Combined with Oncolytic Virotherapy: Synergy, Heterogeneity, and Safety in Cancer Treatment.Oncology research · 2025Review
- Oncolytic Virus Therapy in a New Era of Immunotherapy, Enhanced by Combination with Existing Anticancer Therapies: Turn up the Heat!Journal of Cancer · 2025Review
- Immunocyte membrane-derived biomimetic nano-drug delivery system: a pioneering platform for tumour immunotherapy.Acta pharmacologica Sinica · 2024Review
- A novel approach for breast cancer treatment: the multifaceted antitumor effects of rMeV-Hu191.Hereditas · 2024Article
- Review
- Intracellular delivery of oncolytic viruses with engineered Salmonella causes viral replication and cell death.iScience · 2024Article
- New hopes for the breast cancer treatment: perspectives on the oncolytic virus therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Review
- Article
- Characterization of the biological and transcriptomic signatures of natural killer cells derived from cord blood and peripheral blood.American journal of cancer research · 2023Article
- Oncolytic Virotherapy.Cancer treatment and research · 2023Article
- Oncolytic Newcastle Disease Virus Co-Delivered with Modified PLGA Nanoparticles Encapsulating Temozolomide against Glioblastoma Cells: Developing an Effective Treatment Strategy.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Engineered microorganism-based delivery systems for targeted cancer therapy: a narrative review.Biomaterials translational · 2022Review
- Development of Molecular Mechanisms and Their Application on Oncolytic Newcastle Disease Virus in Cancer Therapy.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Oncolytic virotherapy (OV) is an emerging class of immunotherapeutic drugs. Their mechanism of action is two-fold: direct cell lysis and unmasking of the cancer through immunogenic cell death, which allows the immune system to recognize and eradicate tumours. Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women and is challenging to treat with immunotherapy modalities because it is classically an immunogenically "cold" tumour type. This provides an attractive niche for OV, given viruses have been shown to turn "cold" tumours "hot," thereby opening a plethora of treatment opportunities. There has been a number of pre-clinical attempts to explore the use of OV in breast cancer; however, these have not led to any meaningful clinical trials. This review considers both the potential and the barriers to OV in breast cancer, namely, the limitations of monotherapy and the scope for combination therapy, improving viral delivery and challenges specific to the breast cancer population (e.g., tumour subtype, menopausal status, age).
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.