ArticleViruses2021
HIV-1 Drug Resistance Genotyping in Resource Limited Settings: Current and Future Perspectives in Sequencing Technologies.
Article in Viruses, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Current ARTs, Virologic Failure, and Implications for AIDS Management: A Systematic Review.Viruses · 2023Pooled it
- Ion Torrent Genexus as a Fast and Reliable Solution for HIV-1 Drug Resistance Testing: Comparison with the GeneStudio S5 Workflow.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Leveraging the Oxford Nanopore MinION sequencing platform for HIV-1 drug resistance surveillance in resource-limited settings: a post-COVID implementation opportunity.Virology journal · 2026Article
- Oligonucleotide Ligation Assay (OLA)-Simple: Field Implementation, Usability, and Performance of a near Point-of-Care HIV Drug Resistance Assay in Kenya.Laboratories · 2026Article
- Maternal genetic structure and population affinities of the Sichuan Han Chinese based on whole mitochondrial genomes.BMC genomics · 2026Article
- Detection of HIV-1 Resistance Mutations to Antiretroviral Therapy and Cell Tropism in Russian Patients Using Next-Generation Sequencing.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Patterns of Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor Resistance Mutations in People Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Libreville, Gabon.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2025Article
- Review
- Cost-effectiveness and other considerations for different research techniques applied in ancient DNA analysis.Anatomy & cell biology · 2025Review
- The utility of integrating nanopore sequencing into routine HIV-1 drug resistance surveillance.Microbial genomics · 2025Review
- Review
- Epidemiological and molecular characterization of HBV and HCV infections in HIV-1-infected inmate population in Italy: a 2017-2019 multicenter cross-sectional study.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Affordable drug resistance genotyping of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, protease and integrase genes, for resource limited settings.AIDS research and therapy · 2023Article
- Roadmap for Achieving Universal Antiretroviral Treatment.Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology · 2023Review
- Need assessment for HIV drug resistance testing and landscape of current and future technologies in low- and middle-income countries.PLOS global public health · 2023Review
- Probe Capture Enrichment Methods for HIV and HCV Genome Sequencing and Drug Resistance Genotyping.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- QuasiFlow: a Nextflow pipeline for analysis of NGS-based HIV-1 drug resistance data.Bioinformatics advances · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Affordable, sensitive, and scalable technologies are needed for monitoring antiretroviral treatment (ART) success with the goal of eradicating HIV-1 infection. This review discusses use of Sanger sequencing and next generation sequencing (NGS) methods for HIV-1 drug resistance (HIVDR) genotyping, focusing on their use in resource limited settings (RLS). Sanger sequencing remains the gold-standard method for detecting HIVDR mutations of clinical relevance but is mainly limited by high sequencing costs and low-throughput. NGS is becoming a more common sequencing method, with the ability to detect low-abundance drug-resistant variants and reduce per sample costs through sample pooling and massive parallel sequencing. However, use of NGS in RLS is mainly limited by infrastructure costs. Given these shortcomings, our review discusses sequencing technologies for HIVDR genotyping, focusing on common in-house and commercial assays, challenges with Sanger sequencing in keeping up with changes in HIV-1 treatment programs, as well as challenges with NGS that limit its implementation in RLS and in clinical diagnostics. We further discuss knowledge gaps and offer recommendations on how to overcome existing barriers for implementing HIVDR genotyping in RLS, to make informed clinical decisions that improve quality of life for people living with HIV.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.